Зміст і організація навчання у закладах системи трудових резервів у відбудовчий період (1943-1950 рр.)

Abstract

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей змісту та організації навчання у закладах системи державних трудових резервів в умовах відбудови економіки України. Автором були розглянуті навчальні плани шкіл ФЗН та ремісничих училищ 1940-х років. Було проаналізовано розподіл навчального часу між дисциплінами та їх змістовне наповнення.

Статья посвящена изучению особенностей содержания и организации обучения в учреждениях системы государственных трудовых резервов в условиях восстановления экономики Украины в 1943-1950 гг. Автором были рассмотрены учебные планы школ ФЗО и ремесленных училищ 1940-х годов. Было проанализировано распределение учебного времени между дисциплинами и их содержательное наполнение.

The article deals with studying the content and organization features of education in Labour Reserves institutions during the economy reconstruction of Ukraine in 1943-1950. Curriculums of factory training schools and vocation schools were reviewed by the author. Distribution of training time between subjects and their content also were considered. Soviet Labour Reserves system provided youth vocational training to replenish the collectives of strategic enterprises sectors of the economy. Components of the young workers education in Labour Reserves institutions were: industrial training, especially technical and general education subjects, political classes and physical or military training. The main emphasis was placed on gaining practical experience by students through industrial training, to which the largest share of the time was assigned. Typically the term of training in factory training schools was only 6 months. There were no general education subjects as a rule. The preparation process in vocation schools lasted for two years. It was more circumstantial and qualitative. Differences in the curriculums of factory training schools and trade schools allowed ensuring simultaneous economy needs in workers of different specialties and professional qualification. The research is based on materials from Ukrainian archives and periodical publications of Late Stalinism period.