Гістологічні зміни сечового міхура щурів за умов модельованого підгострого впливу солей важких металів

Abstract

Робота присвячена вивченню морфологічних особливостей сечового міхура білих лаборатор-них щурів за умов вживання солей важких металів та корекції їх впливу. Дослідження проводилося на 24 білих лабораторних щурах, які були розподіленні на 3 серії: контрольну (І), експериментальну з солями важких металів (ІІ) та експериментальну з солями важких металів та вітаміном Е (ІІІ). Встановлено, що вплив солей важких металів призводить до морфологічних змін у будові стінки сечового міхура, а добавляння в раціон вітаміну Е призводить до корекції показників та зниження впливу комбінації солей важких металів на міхур.

Работа посвящена изучению морфологических особенностей мочевого пузыря белых лабо-раторных крыс в условиях воздействия солей тяжелых металлов и коррекции их влияния. Исследование проводилось на 24 белых лабораторных крысах, которые были распределении на 3 серии: контрольную (I), экспериментальную с солями тяжелых металлов (II) и экспериментальную с солями тяжелых металлов и витамином Е (ІІІ). Установлено, что влияние солей тяжелых металлов приводит к морфологическим изме-нениям в строении стенки мочевого пузыря, а добавление в рацион витамина Е приводит к коррекции по-казателей и снижению влияния комбинации солей тяжелых металлов на пузырь.

There are lot of information in the literature about the disease of various organs and systems, but significantly less information about their connection with environmental pollution. Significant place among exogenous factors take heavy metal salts (HMS), which is especially dangerous in terms of their toxicity and prevalence, both on the Ukraine territory and other countries. In the Sumy region observed increase in soil salt content of iron, manganese, chromium, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead and zinc. In some cases, the concentrations reach toxic levels and exceed the maximum permissible limits several times. This work is devoted to the study of morphological features of urinary bladder of the white laboratory rats at the use of heavy metal salts and correction of it’s influence by vitamin E. The study was conducted on 24 white laboratory rats that were divided into 3 series: control (I), experimental with consumption combinations of heavy metal salts (II) and experimental with consumption combinations of heavy metal salts and vitamin E (III). The experimental laboratory animals kept in accordance with all adopted regulations. After experiment the histological specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The specimens were analyzed using a light microscope with a digital camera «SEO Scan Lab 2.0». The study of control series of rats (I) showed all layers of urinary bladder wall with their normal structuring. The mucous membrane of urinary bladder is covered with transitional epithelium, which lines the organ from the middle with formation of numerous folds (except triangle of urinary bladder). The mucous membrane is located on the loose submucous layer that tightly connected with the following shell – muscular. In the last are clearly visualized all layers of smooth myocytes. The serous membranes of urinary bladder formed by loose connective tissue that covers the outside of whole organ. Blood vessels has a typical structure with well-developed microvasculature system. A month later the study of the rats urinary bladder wall of experimental series (II) were detected significant morphological changes and edema of all layers in the microscopic research compared to the control group. The destruction and desquamation of the surface layer epithelium. In these cells attracts light cytoplasm of hypochromic nuclei (compared to control). In the current study were present the phenomenon of local mixed-cells and leukocyte infiltration, also signs of local venous plethora and stasis of blood vessels. At the histological investigated of experimental rats, which were drinking water with HMS and vitamin E observed normal structuring of all layers of the urinary bladder wall with little swelling, a small mixed-cells infiltration, without the expressed dystrophic and destructive changes. It was established that the effect of HMS leads to morphological changes in the structure of the bladder wall, and the addition of vitamin E in the diet leads to a correction of parameters and reduce the influence of the heavy metal salts combination on the bladder. When studying results of world and national literature is more common data about negative influence of increased amounts of HMS on living organisms. Prevalence of HMS in the world leads to the accumulation, microelementosis development and of various pathologies. For this reason, the study of the combined effects of HMS (depending on the duration of its consumption) at all levels of violations of urinary bladder are relevant and important for further study.