Single nucleotide polymorphism determination by PCR method in order to optimize the dosing of oral anticoagulants

Abstract

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technology in molecular biology used to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence. Nowadays scientists widely use PCR method to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). SNP is a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome, where each variation is present to some appreciable degree within a population. Such variations may fall within coding sequences of genes, non-coding regions of genes, or in the intergenic regions, and in this way they may influence the qualitative or quantitative characteristics of the mature proteins. SNPs in the DNA sequences of humans can affect how humans develop diseases and respond to pathogens, chemicals, drugs, vaccines, and other agents. SNPs are also critical for personalized medicine.