Особливості розвитку правового режиму навігаційного використання відкритих міжнародних рік Азії

Abstract

В статті розглядається становлення та розвиток міжнародно-правового регулювання судноплавства по азійських відкритих ріках. Автор досліджує вплив європейської підсистеми міжнародного права на формування режиму проходу по внутрішніх водних шляхах цієї частини світу.

Relationships of navigational usage of opened international rivers of Asia are constructed by the participants on the basis of recognition of waterways appurtenance to several states. That’s why riparian countries have the exceptional (sovereign) right to regulate this kind of relations. Such system of international relations in the area of river navigation was sanctioned by the Final Act of the Vienna Congress in 1815. Format of cooperation set by Final Act regarding the international river shipping was formed not only in Europe, but also in other parts of the world, particularly in Asia, where the colonies of European countries were located. The basic concept of territorial sovereignty and the idea of its implementation in solving the problem of regulating navigation on inland waterways were remained unchanged. It explains why such format of relations was saved in the Asian region in further periods. Scope of analyzed treaty practice confirms: notwithstanding the riparian states did not refer to the Act of 1815 in treaties on navigational usage of international rivers, approaches they have chosen for right of passage regulation didn’t differ fundamentally from those were reflected in treaties signed on the basis of the Vienna Act. The obtained results stimulate to further scientific research in order to identify common patterns in the progressive development of international-legal regulation of navigational usage of international rivers regardless of the continent on which they flow. This trend seems perspective because of the prevailing opinion among scientists about the pronounced regionalism of international river law.