Боротьба підрозділів червоної армії із українським визвольним рухом (1946): документ до історії

Abstract

У статті публікуються п’ять документів, у яких розкриваються питання підготовки та відрядження підрозділів Червоної армії (далі - ЧА) у західноукраїнський регіон на період проведення виборів до Верховної ради СРСР. На конкретних прикладах підтверджено факт використання частин ЧА у боротьбі із українським визвольним рухом. Коротко розкриваються загальні форми та методи утвердження радянської адміністрації у Західній Україні.

В статье публикуются пять документов, в которых раскрываются вопросы подготовки и командировки подразделений Красной армии (далее - КА) в западноукраинский регион на период проведения выборов в Верховной совет СССР. На конкретных примерах подтвержден факт использования частей КА в борьбе с украинским освободительным движением. Коротко раскрываются общие формы и методы утверждения советской администрации в Западной Украине.

In the article five papers are published. They disclose the issues of training and detachment of the Red Army units of the red army (hereunder, RA) into the Western Ukrainian region for the period of elections to the USSR Supreme Soviet. Specific examples have confirmed the fact of using the parts of the RA in the fight against the Ukrainian Liberation Movement. The general forms and methods of Soviet Administration approval in Western Ukraine are briefly described. We have recently found five documents that enable to enlarge a greater understanding of the expansion of the Soviet system struggle with the Ukrainian Liberation Movement, which differ significantly from the official picture presented in official Soviet advocacy. In general, five documents are submitted in the publication: information on (for 11-14 January 1946) the preparation to dispatch and redeployment of the Red Army units, who were sent to Western Ukraine to protect polling stations during the elections to the USSR Supreme Soviet. In the first document specific military units their locations and points of redeployment (even indicating the carriage number, which transported the unit) are mentioned. The second document informs on the progress of the preparations (studying of guidance documents, obtaining tasks), and the specific departure time of echelons with the relevant departments from their current location. Specific armoured trains, which were accompanied by are also named. The third, fourth and fifth documents complement the second one with information about the specific time of arrival and places of relocation. It should be mentioned that the published documents are an important source of comprehensive research as to the use of the Red Army units in the establishment of Soviet Authority in the Western Ukrainian region in general and in the confrontation with the Ukrainian Liberation Movement in particular. So, the repressive-punitive system in the fight against the liberation movement in the Carpathian region, the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) used a number of forms and means. In the process of struggle these tools were «improved». Each of them had its impact and caused serious losses to the underground. It should be noted that the repressive and punitive apparatus in the fight against the Ukrainian underground also changed their tasks.