Ідеологія та ідеологема: до питання про визначення та класифікацію

Abstract

У статті розглядаються різні підходи до трактування терміна “ідеологема” та його класифікацій, які існують в сучасній лінгвістиці.

Political discourse is a multilateral, contentious in its form social dialogue be-tween social institutes and individuals, between the institutions of power and opposition. It is represented in the ideologically heterogeneous types of discourse. Ideological feature is one of the peculiarities of the political discourse because texts of the political discourse are tinged with ideology, it stipulates other important characteristics of the political discourse notably expressivity, manipulation and evaluation. Ideological evaluation is very often represented with the help of the ideologically marked lexical units –ideologemes. According to Malysheva there are two backbone approaches –broad and narrow –to the ideologeme as the language phenomenon. Ideologeme as the mental unit is characterized by the national specificity, dynamics of semantics, high axiology, frequency and the variety of the representation means by the signs of different semiotic systems including the language one. The variety of classifications of ideologeme phenomenon can be explained by the differences in objects and subjects of the research of different scientific disciplines and approaches, but the common feature of the existing definitions is the fact that ideologeme is the explication of certain ideology.