Болгарія й українська політична еміграція в міжвоєнний період: форми взаємодії

Abstract

Ukrainian emigration in Bulgaria was formed as a result of several waves and emigration flows in 1918–1922. The article does not observe the whole emigration from Ukraine, but its political one. The part that was politically motivated, ideologically identified, organizationally structured, as well as hangs up the idea of Ukrainian independent state in any of its forms. In the period between the First and Second World Wars there were 1 to 2 thousands political émigrés with the tendency to reduction of their amounts. The paper is objected to define the levels and forms of interaction of Bulgarian authorities and society with Ukrainian political emigration. The achievements of Ukrainian, Bulgarian and Russian historiography are considered. The distinction of the Болгарія й українська політична еміграція в міжвоєнний період… 345

given research is ensured by the use of little-known documents and materials of the Central State Archives of the Supreme Authorities and Governments of Ukraine, the Central State Archives of the Republic of Bulgaria and the State Archive of the Russian Federation. It is approved that there was no separate Bulgarian policy on Ukrainian emigration, but within the limits of the general immigration policy, subjective acts had taken place by members of the parliament, government, officials of central state and law enforcement bodies, who were both supporters of Ukrainians and those who perceived them through the prism of the Russian emigration. It has been confirmed that the interaction of Bulgarian authorities and society with Ukrainian political emigration was diverse and multilevel, depending on internal and external economic factors, political situation in Bulgaria and the world. The following levels of interaction were identified: interstate (1918–1921), cooperation with certain statesmen and the cultural-artistic community, and relations with the population. It was shown that the most fruitful and mutually beneficial interaction was in the cultural and educational sphere.