The impact of chronic stress from air alerts оn depression levels in Ukrainian civilians

Abstract

Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, air alerts have become a part of daily life for millions of civilians. These alerts, which warn of potential missile or drone attacks, lead to frequent disruptions in daily routines. Over time, this chronic exposure to danger and unpredictability has raised concerns about mental health impacts. Specifically, there is growing evidence that ongoing air alerts contribute to increased levels of depression among the civilian population. This study explores the relationship between chronic stress from air alerts and depressive symptoms in Ukrainian civilians. Chronic stress is a well-documented contributor to the development of mood disorders, including depression. Unlike acute stress, which is short-lived, chronic stress persists over time and can lead to long-term health consequences. Air alerts in Ukraine function as a persistent stressor that reminds civilians of the constant threat of violence. For many, this stress is compounded by economic hardship, displacement, and loss. Understanding how these factors interact is essential for developing effective mental health interventions.