Features of skin wounds healing under chronic hyperglycemia and improvement of their treatment methods

Abstract

The aim: The work was aimed to study the histological, morphometric and planimetric features of skin regeneration in mature rats with chronic hyperglycemia under the influence of platelet-rich plasma. Materials and methods: 60 mature white laboratory rats were used. The animals were divided into three groups (I – control with mechanical skin injuries; II – rats with chronic hyperglycemia and modeled mechanical skin injuries; III – animals with the chronic hyperglycemia and modeled mechanical skin injuries which were injected with the platelet-rich plasma). The samples were studied using light microscopy. Statistical data processing was performed using SPSS-17. Results: On the 21st day, the epithelialization of control mature rats wound was almost complete. The epithelium contained all layers without pathological changes. The new dermis has been reorganized into papillary and reticular layers. On the 21st day, the wound of rats with chronic hyperglycemia was not completely covered with the epidermis. The connective tissue of the dermis was disorganized. On the 21st day, the wound epithelialization was also more complete in mature rats with chronic hyperglycemia received platelet-rich plasma compared to the rats with chronic hyperglycemia. The dermis contained a large number of blood vessels with normal, full-blooded lumens. Conclusions: The chronic hyperglycemia leads to disruption of epithelialization processes, angiogenesis, a delay in the reorganization of dermis connective tissue, and vascular remodeling. The injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma promote faster angiogenesis, reduce inflammation, and accelerate wound epithelialization.