SocioEconomic Challenges (SEC)
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Item Export of high-tech goods in the context of innovation transfer for social-economic development: factor analysis(Sumy State University, 2023) Habenko, M.The purpose of the study is to determine factors that have the greatest influence on the growth of export of high-tech goods in the context of innovation transfer for social-economic development. Factor analysis tools, including principal component analysis and the Varimax rotation (orthogonal transformation) method in Statgraphics software, are used to identify the most significant indicators of the impact on export of high-tech goods, as a key determinant characterizing the quality of scientific and educational potential, and to determine the latent signs of their interaction. A modified logistic function is used to normalize input data for 11 investigated factors in a sample of 28 countries. Ten linear combinations of variables are obtained, which explain most of the data variability. The first four components have eigenvalues greater than or equal to 1.0. Together, they account for 88.520% of the variability of the original data. After orthogonal transformation by the Varimax method, the factor load matrix is obtained. The econometric models, which describes the influence of independent indicators on the export of high-tech goods, are represented. Next, the four most influential indicators from the 11 investigated factors are revealed, namely: the country’s research and development expenditure, GDP in current prices, research staff and researchers in the sector of business enterprises, the percentage of ICT staff from total employment. They are taken to develop multiple linear regression models, which describes the influence of independent indicators on the effective export of high-tech goods. The quality results of the factor analysis are confirmed using the Kaiser-Meier-Olkin test and the Bartlett test. Regression analysis with strict screening of non-significant variables using the Backward Stepwise Selection tool confirms the significance of the indicator of scientific research personnel and researchers in the sector of business enterprises, which has the greatest impact on the export of high-tech goods. A pair regression model is obtained, and it is confirmed that increase of research staff and researchers in the sector of business enterprises by 1% causes increase of export of high-tech goods in average by 0,73%.Item The effectiveness of employment in high-tech and science-intensive business areas as important indicator of socio-economic development: cross-country cluster analysis(Sumy State University, 2022) Койбічук, Віталія Василівна; Койбичук, Виталия Васильевна; Koibichuk, Vitaliia Vasylivna; Самойлікова, Анастасiя Вiкторiвна; Самойликова, Анастасия Викторовна; Samoilikova, Anastasiia Viktorivna; Хабенко, М.Є.; Habenko, M.Employment is one of key parameters of the economy, which characterizes its efficiency, possibility of using the labour potential and growth of population’s well-being. The level of employment is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of socio-economic policy of the state. A high level of employment in high-tech and science-intensive business areas is a driver of sustainable economic development of countries, increasing labour productivity, ensuring leadership in the market, and reducing the productions costs. Thus, the assessment of the effectiveness of population employment in high-tech and science-intensive service areas is significant today, as it is a comprehensive assessment of the country’s development, its current state in high technologies and further prospects for working with them. The research purpose consists in determining the maximum, most effective value of the population employment efficiency index in high-tech and science-intensive service spheres based on cross-country cluster analysis. The sample of countries all over the world were divided into 3 clusters, taking into account the rating value of the following indices: employment in high- and medium-high-tech production sectors and science-intensive business service spheres; enterprises that conducted training to develop / improve the ICT skills of their personnel; new registered enterprises. During the research there were statistical data analysis, cluster analysis using Ward’s method and software Statgraphics, optimization method using Frontier Analyst software. As a result, the efficiency of population employment in high-tech and science-intensive business service sectors of 36 countries in 2021 was determined, and accordingly reference countries with high population employment in this research sphere were identified. The potential reserves for increasing the targeted value of the population employment index in high-tech and science-intensive sectors were also characterized. The obtained results can be useful for business managers, they can adopt the experience of doing business in countries with more effective indicators, with the aim of developing employees, providing them with new training and knowledge that will facilitate doing business in the future.