SocioEconomic Challenges (SEC)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://devessuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61497
Browse
13 results
Search Results
Item Internally generated revenue and economic growth in Rivers State, Nigeria(Academic Research and Publishing UG, 2023) Evans, N.; Ikechi, W.P.; Nwigbo, D.M.; Promise, E.This paper summarises the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of internally generated revenue and economic growth in Rivers, Nigeria. The main purpose of the research was to investigate the correlation between internally generated revenue and economic growth in Rivers State, Nigeria. Systematisation of the literary sources and approaches for solving the problem indicates that the Rivers State government in Nigeria faces numerous challenges, including insufficient tax information, limited cooperation from taxpayers, negative perceptions about tax revenue utilisation, the complexity of taxes and the tax system, inadequate capacity, and limited training for tax authorities. The immediate restoration of this matter is imperative, making the resolution of this scientific problem highly relevant. In this study, we investigate the internally generated revenue and economic growth in Rivers State, Nigeria, using both ex-post-facto and exploratory research approaches as methodological tools. The data utilised in this study were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the Rivers State Inland Revenue Services (RSIRS) Annual Reports, covering the period from 2010 to 2021. The data were subjected to analysis using the Econometric Model of Linear Regression methods, utilising the SPSS 25 software. The analysis incorporates macroeconomic data pertaining to internally generated revenue and economic growth, specifically represented by the real gross domestic product, for the period spanning from 2010 to 2021. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis, which revealed a significant correlation between internally generated revenue and economic growth in the state of Rivers. The research findings indicate a statistically significant correlation between internally generated revenue and the economic growth of Rivers State. The study thus proposed that the legislative branch of the state should prioritise the revision of tax laws to align with present economic conditions. Additionally, as the state focuses on exploring strategies to enhance its internally generated revenue (IGR), it should also devote attention to other facets of public finance management that directly affect its ability to not only generate revenue but also effectively allocate it for the betterment of the publicItem How far does the central bank influence its economies? The example of Algeria(Sumy State University, 2023) Messaoudi, A.; Derbal, F.Z.; Hasnaoui, M.; Belhamidi, H.This study focused on Algeria and it looked at how education quality affected the knowledge economy. The theoretical anchor was the endogenous or new growth hypothesis. Secondary sources were used to get panel-structured data that spanned 48 Algerian provinces in 22 years (1999–2020). The equations were estimated using the fixed-random effect model and Hausman test, Also the Kao (Engle Ganger-based) cointegration test proved that the series did indeed have a long-run connection. The findings indicated that the knowledge economy was boosted by a rise in students’ Baccalaureate and Intermediate test success rates. This is due to the fact that a rise in exam success rates indicates that individuals at various educational levels are now receiving education of a higher caliber, and the economy depends on this caliber of education. The rise in students and professors is a sign that there are more knowledgeable people and specialized educators accessible to fuel the knowledge economy. As more educated citizens pass their exams and graduate from college, they are hired from the labor market into industries as significant production factors whose skills, values, and knowledge acquired through specialized training are expected to promote machine handling and coordination of other human and nonhuman production factors to fuel the knowledge economy. Teachers should be provided with ongoing professional development opportunities to help them provide instruction at all educational levels, according to a recommendation. This would improve their ability to educate and inspire students and help them do better on their intermediate and baccalaureate examsItem The effectiveness of employment in high-tech and science-intensive business areas as important indicator of socio-economic development: cross-country cluster analysis(Sumy State University, 2022) Койбічук, Віталія Василівна; Койбичук, Виталия Васильевна; Koibichuk, Vitaliia Vasylivna; Самойлікова, Анастасiя Вiкторiвна; Самойликова, Анастасия Викторовна; Samoilikova, Anastasiia Viktorivna; Хабенко, М.Є.; Habenko, M.Employment is one of key parameters of the economy, which characterizes its efficiency, possibility of using the labour potential and growth of population’s well-being. The level of employment is the most important indicator of the effectiveness of socio-economic policy of the state. A high level of employment in high-tech and science-intensive business areas is a driver of sustainable economic development of countries, increasing labour productivity, ensuring leadership in the market, and reducing the productions costs. Thus, the assessment of the effectiveness of population employment in high-tech and science-intensive service areas is significant today, as it is a comprehensive assessment of the country’s development, its current state in high technologies and further prospects for working with them. The research purpose consists in determining the maximum, most effective value of the population employment efficiency index in high-tech and science-intensive service spheres based on cross-country cluster analysis. The sample of countries all over the world were divided into 3 clusters, taking into account the rating value of the following indices: employment in high- and medium-high-tech production sectors and science-intensive business service spheres; enterprises that conducted training to develop / improve the ICT skills of their personnel; new registered enterprises. During the research there were statistical data analysis, cluster analysis using Ward’s method and software Statgraphics, optimization method using Frontier Analyst software. As a result, the efficiency of population employment in high-tech and science-intensive business service sectors of 36 countries in 2021 was determined, and accordingly reference countries with high population employment in this research sphere were identified. The potential reserves for increasing the targeted value of the population employment index in high-tech and science-intensive sectors were also characterized. The obtained results can be useful for business managers, they can adopt the experience of doing business in countries with more effective indicators, with the aim of developing employees, providing them with new training and knowledge that will facilitate doing business in the future.Item Inflation, Foreign Exchange, Interest Rate, Trade Balance, Payment Balance on Growth In The Covid-19 Pandemic(Sumy State University, 2022) Sinaga, A.P.A.Authors: Anton Atno Parluhutan Sinaga, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8008-3480 Indonesian Methodist University, Medan, Indonesia Pages: 52-59 Language: English DOI: https://doi.org/10.21272/sec.6(4).52-59.2022 Received: 19.10.2022 Accepted: 02.12.2022 Published: 31.12.2022 Download: Views: Downloads: 12 6 Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of inflation, foreign exchange rates, interest rates and trade balance on economic growth through an increase in the balance of payments. The research method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive research method using path analysis using AMOS 18. Variables of inflation, interest rates and the balance of trade affect economic growth through an increase in the balance of payments, where these three macroeconomic variables are capable of boosting economic growth, while the moderator variable for an increase in the balance of payments is the link and driver for the three variables such as inflation, interest rates and the trade balance did not contract against the increase in economic growth. The conclusion of this study is that partially inflation, interest rates and the trade balance have a significant effect on the economic growth variable and the moderator variable for increasing the balance of payments, while simultaneously the inflation variables, foreign exchange rates, interest rates and the trade balance has a significant effect on the variable of economic growth through the variable of increasing the balance of payments. Through the results of research that has been stated that the inflation variable, interest rates and trade balance affect economic growth through an increase in the balance of payments, where these three macroeconomic variables are things that are able to boost economic growth, while the moderator variable for an increase in the balance of payments is a link and a driving force for the three variables such as inflation, interest rates and the trade balance did not contract to the increase in economic growth.Item The impact of the innovation on the economy: an empirical analysis for Azerbaijan(Sumy State University, 2022) Zeynalli, L.; Huseynli, G.; Huseynli, M.Innovation is a basic and important element of economic success. Innovation is seen as a significant factor in boosting product competitiveness in both domestic and global markets, replacing outdated manufacturing equipment, and creating demand for highly skilled workers. It is commonly acknowledged that for the state to develop an effective scientific and technical policy, an information base that depicts the status, scale, and direction of innovation activities throughout the economy is required. Therefore, it is critical to consider both the decimal and descriptive aspects of the information. In short, creating the groundwork for an innovative economy is critical to achieving good outcomes in the country’s socioeconomic growth. The study’s major goal is to examine the economic effect of innovative development in Azerbaijan. The State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan provided the study with statistical information for the years 2000–2021. To begin, the study performed a literature review of various scholars on the issue, and the initiatives adopted by the state in different years to promote creative growth in Azerbaijan were analyzed. Furthermore, indicators such as GDP, the number of people employed in the economy, fixed assets, and innovation costs were utilized to estimate the impact of innovations on economic growth. When coefficients represented in individual variables in the generated model are compared, it is clear that the influence of innovation costs (0.877 or 87.7%) on the amount of activity in the economy is bigger than the effect of fixed assets (0.292 or 29.2%) and the number of employees (0.020 or 2%). At the 0.05 level of significance, the t-statistics and their probabilities associated with the coefficients show that the number of employees has a negative effect on GDP, whereas production funds and expenditure on innovations have statistically significant positive effects on GDP. The estimated F-Statistic and its probability imply that the cumulative result of innovation expenditure on GDP is statistically significant. The study claims a connection between innovation spending and GDP, and that the former has a major influence on the latter. The research also demonstrates that the model’s explanatory variables account for about 98.4% of the changes in the explained variable. This suggests that, in the framework of the model, spending on innovation accounted for about 98.4% of the variation in GDP over the study period. This study, therefore, contributes to the expanding amount of evidence indicating that expenditure on innovation is related to and has a significant impact on GDP. The results of the model also show that an increase in production funds of 1% generates a rise in GDP of 29.3%, a rise in employee numbers of 1% causes a boost in GDP of 2%, and an expansion in innovation expenditures of 1% causes a GDP rise of 87.7%. In this regard, it is thought appropriate to raise innovation costs, particularly during the digital economy transition.Item Public Investment in Human Capital and Economic Growth in Algeria: An empirical study using ARDL approach(Sumy State University, 2022) Ramli, M.; Boutayeba, F.; Nezai, A.The main aim of this research paper is to examine empirically the link between public investment in human capital and economic growth in Algeria over the period 1990-2017. In fact, public authorities spend annually considerable funds to make both education and health available for all citizens as they are vital elements for a better life. This political action which is well understood from social perspective should have also some economic benefits especially in terms economic growth. Scholars strongly argued the crucial importance of investing in human capital to spur growth. In this context, the current paper tends to assess the impact of public spending devoted to human capital components on economic growth in Algeria. To do so, the study used annual time series data of government expenditures on these two sectors ranged from 1990 to 2017, and employs for estimation the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. The main finding of this paper is that there is no cointegrating relationship between these two variables in the long run. This result is in line with many previous studies in Algeria as well as in other developing countries. This basically supports the idea that spending on education and health would not inevitably lead to growth. The lessons learnt from the experience of emerging economies denote that there are a series of preliminary conditions that should be set up to make the association between public investment in human capital and growth possible. Government spending alone cannot induce economic growth if corruption prevails and resources are inefficiently allocated. Also, it is the quality of health and education that matters. In Algeria, despite of the considerable funding of education and health sectors, the quality of service offered inside schools and hospitals is still poor. Thus, increasing numbers of doctors leave the country because they believe that work conditions are not suitable. Many Patients also prefer to join foreign hospitals because they believe that local medical service is somewhat unsatisfactory. Likewise, a great number of university students choose to join foreign universities to pursue their higher studies because they consider the quality of local universities is poor. Based on this evidence, policymakers are invited to take into consideration these conditions among others in order to strengthen the impact of public investment in human capital on economic growth in the future.Item Determinants of economic growth in the European Union. An empirical analysis of conditional convergence(Sumy State University, 2021) Holobiuc, A.-M.Being established from the initiative of six visionary countries in the second half of the 20th century, the European Economic Community has shifted the history of the European continent by promoting economic collaboration and political stability. Given its initial success, the regional group has quickly evolved from customs union to Economic and Monetary Union, comprising nowadays twenty-seven European countries.Item Increase The State Of Poverty In Jordan During The Period 2010-2017(Sumy State University, 2020) Aljaloudi, J.This research aims to study the change in poverty rates in Jordan and the governorates during the period 2010-2017. In estimating poverty rates, the method used by the government in the report on the state of poverty in Jordan for the year 2012 was adopted. This method is similar to the method of the World Bank in estimating global poverty rates. In assessing poverty lines for the year 2017, poverty lines for the year 2010 were re-estimated based on the change in inflation rates and the change in the standard household size at the national and governorate levels during the period 2010-2017Item Measuring Regional Economic Growth In Jordan(Sumy State University, 2020) Aljaloudi, J.This research aims to measure the regional disparities in Jordan’s economic growth during 2010-2017. As an indicator to measure the economic growth in each region is the regional factor (R) adopted, and for estimation the regional factor is the Shift and Share method used. This method is widely used by geographical economist. The annual average of household income, as economic indicator, to estimate the regional factor in this study will be adopted. Data on annual household income were taken from the expenditure and income surveys prepared by the Jordanian General Statistics Department in year 2010 and year 2017.Item Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth Nexus in the Republic of Benin(Sumy State University, 2019) Marcel, D.T.A.This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the impact of electricity consumption in developing country especially in the Republic of Benin. The main purpose of the research is to examine the causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in the Republic of Benin over the period 1971-2014. Systematization literary sources and approaches for solving the problem using Stationary test, the Johansen cointegration test, the vector autoregressive (VAR) model, and Granger causality test were used as econometric approach