Факультет технічних систем і енергоефективних технологій (ТеСЕТ)
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Item Apparatus-technological scheme of tin cans scrap recycling with obtaining technical products(Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2021) Dmitrikov, V.; Вакал, Сергій Васильович; Vakal, Serhii Vasylovych; Вакал, Вікторія Сергіївна; Vakal, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Пляцук, Леонід Дмитрович; Pliatsuk, Leonid DmytrovychThe article is devoted to the study of reducing the technogenic load on the environment due to the integrated processing of household metal scrap. A waste-free, resource-saving, and environmentally safe method is proposed for extracting technical products from tin cans scrap - iron (III) oxide, tin (II) complex, suitable for further use, as well as fertilizer for agricultural crops. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, the direction of cans scrap recycling was selected with an assessment of the parameters and factors affecting the reagent process of scrap disposal. To verify the proposed method for can scrap processing in experimental studies, the reagent method and physical modeling were used together. The processes of the reagent can scrap recycling were studied in a laboratory-scale plant. The results of studies on the reagent can scrap processing with the individual component allocation in the form of their derivatives are presented. A block diagram and a hardware-technological scheme for scrap processing with the receipt of technical products have been developed. The possibility of processing other metal-containing wastes according to the proposed scheme, for example, electrical production, is shown.Item Mathematical Modeling of Nutrient Release from Capsulated Fertilizers(Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 2020) Вакал, Вікторія Сергіївна; Вакал, Виктория Сергеевна; Vakal, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Павленко, Іван Володимирович; Павленко, Иван Владимирович; Pavlenko, Ivan Volodymyrovych; Вакал, Сергій Васильович; Вакал, Сергей Васильевич; Vakal, Serhii Vasylovych; Гурець, Лариса Леонідівна; Гурец, Лариса Леонидовна; Hurets, Larysa Leonidivna; Ochowiak, M.The article is devoted to the study of reducing the technogenic load from high-dose nitrogen pollution of the soil layer by encapsulating granules of nitrogen fertilizers in slowly soluble phosphate-containing membranes. The process of dissolving and washing out of the primordial soil layer of the nutrients from urea, encapsulated by super phosphate shells in soil columns, was studied according to agrochemical techniques. The purpose of the work is to determine the parameters of the investigated process, based on which the previously developed physical model of soil washing of moving nitrogen forms, based on experimental data. The process of changing the loss of nitrogen from the soil when using different types of fertilizers depending on the amount of washing was studied by simulation. Mathematically, the process is described in general terms as a linear differential equation of the first order in partial derivatives. The solution of the equation under the initial and boundary conditions allowed to calculate the parameters of the model describing the nature of changes in the losses of nitrogen from the soil column. Comparison of calculated and experimental data showed a coincidence of values with a correlation coefficient above 0.96 for investigated nitrogen fertilizers with different composition of the phosphate-containing coating.Item Minimization of Soil Pollution as a Result of the Use of Encapsulated Mineral Fertilizers(Bentus, 2020) Вакал, Сергій Васильович; Вакал, Сергей Васильевич; Vakal, Serhii Vasylovych; Яновська, Ганна Олександрівна; Яновская, Анна Александровна; Yanovska, Hanna Oleksandrivna; Вакал, Вікторія Сергіївна; Вакал, Виктория Сергеевна; Vakal, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Артюхов, Артем Євгенович; Артюхов, Артем Евгеньевич; Artiukhov, Artem Yevhenovych; Школа, Вікторія Юріївна; Школа, Виктория Юрьевна; Shkola, Viktoriia Yuriivna; Yarova, T.; Dmitrikov, V.; Krmela, J.; Malovanyy, M.The application of nitrogen fertilizers allows increasing crop yields and partially increase the natural soil fertility. They have a negative influence on the environment due to the significant release of nitrogen. Hence, the technology for decreasing the N-release is proposed in this work. Obtaining of complex organo-mineral NPK fertilizers by encapsulating a carbamide granule with a phosphate-potassium shell with humates is the main aim of this work. The main tasks of this shell is slow release of the nitrogen and phosphate nutrients from the granules into the soil following the agrochemical needs of plants and prevention of soil pollution. The powdered components agglomeration of phosphate and potassium fertilizers with a small amount of liquid phase (plasticizer) allows forming a phosphate-containing coating on a carbamide core by means of the semi-dry method. This innovation allows organizing the production of such a product at the average enterprise with less capital investment. Carbamide prills, phosphate-glauconite concentrate, calcium and potassium ballast humate, and “Avatar” trace-element chelate complex were used in experimental studies. A preliminary assessment of the market prospects for such an innovation shows a high level of market attractiveness for all market participants: producers, consumers, and society