Факультет технічних систем і енергоефективних технологій (ТеСЕТ)
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Item Effect of Electrolysis on Activated Sludge during the Hydrolysis and Acidogenesis Stages in the Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Manure(MDPI, 2022) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Balintova, M.; Shtepa, V.; Чубур, Вікторія Сергіївна; Чубур, Виктория Сергеевна; Chubur, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Junakova, N.This paper focuses on the study of the effect of electrolysis on activated sludge in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) under the anaerobic digestion of poultry manure. This study was conducted using a bioreactor design with and without electrodes (conventional condition). Measurements of pH, redox potential (ORP), and total dissolved solids were carried out, as was the microscopy of activated sludge during treatment and gasometry. There was an increase in the yields of CH4 and CO2 compared to conventional conditions. Thus, on the 14th day, there was an increase in the CH4 yield to 35.1% compared with the conventional conditions—31.6%—as well as in the CO2 yield to 53.5% compared with the cell without electrodes—37.7%. Visually, the microscopy of anaerobic activated sludge showed changes in the aggregation process itself, with the formation of cells of clusters of microorganism colonies with branches of a delineated shape. ORP fluctuations were related to the process of the dissociation into ions during the passage of an electric current through the electrodes, and were observed before and after the inclusion of a current into the system. A model of the effect of electrolysis during anaerobic digestion was developed, taking into account the influencing factors on the condition of the activated sludge.Item Integration of Processes of Radionuclide-Contaminated Territories Decontamination in the Framework of their Ecological-Socio-Economic Rehabilitation(Polish Society of Ecological Engineering (PTIE); Lublin University of Technology, 2022) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Balintova, M.; Shtepa, V.; Скворцова, Поліна Олексіївна; Скворцова, Полина Алексеевна; Skvortsova, Polina Oleksiivna; Скиданенко, Максим Сергійович; Скиданенко, Максим Сергеевич; Skydanenko, Maksym Serhiiovych; Fukui, M.Large-scale disasters at nuclear power plants (NPPs) and their consequences are still the subject of discussion by the world scientific community, which makes mankind recognize the unsolved problem of radiation pollution. Accordingly, the search for new effective biocomposite materials with high sorption capacity to eliminate harmful effects associated with radiation contamination of large territories is an urgent task on a global scale. This paper is devoted to the study of the decontamination processes of the areas contaminated with radionuclides, the search for new mechanisms of fixation of radionuclides and heavy metals in the soil using the matrix material of different origin. In order to intensify the process of radionuclide fixation in the soil-plant system, the method consisting of introducing into the soil the organic-mineral biocomposite based on sewage sludge and phosphogypsum after anaerobic fermentation was proposed. It is necessary to further study the processes of sorption and radionuclides solubilization due to complexation with organic agents present in matrix materials of different nature. The mechanisms of radionuclide and heavy metal fixation using matrix material of different origin were analyzed, and a general model was formed. The direction of integration of radionuclide-contaminated soil decontamination technologies into the process of ecological, social, and economic development of the territories under rehabilitation after the accidents at the Chernobyl NPP and Fukushima-1 NPP is proposed.Item Comparison of sorption efficiency of natural and MnO2 coated zeolite for copper removal from model solutions(IOP Publishing, 2021) Balintova, M.; Kovacova, Z.; Demcak, S.; Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Junakova, N.Removal of heavy metals from the environment is important for living beings. The present work investigates the applicability of the natural and MnO2 - coated zeolite as sorbent for the removal of copper from synthetic solutions. Batch experiments were carried out to identify the influence of initial pH and concentration in the process of adsorption. A maximum removal efficiency of Cu(II) was observed in 10 mg/L for natural (95.6%) and modified (96.4%) zeolite, where the values was almost identical, but at concentration of 500 mg/L was the removal efficiency of modified zeolite three times higher. Based on the correlation factors R2, the Langmuir isotherms better describe the decontamination process than Freundlich. The optimum pH value was set at 5.0.Item Rationale for the Combined Use of Biological Processes and AOPs in Wastewater Treatment Tasks(MDPI, 2021) Shtepa, V.; Balintova, M.; Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Чубур, Вікторія Сергіївна; Чубур, Виктория Сергеевна; Chubur, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Demcak, S.; Gautier, M.This paper aims to form a unified concept of the integrated use of different wastewater treatment methods to form a resistant biological treatment stage of technological systems under the influence of such toxic factors as antibiotics and surfactants. The processes of mechanical treatment, ozonation, UV irradiation, and electrolytic anodic oxidation were implemented in an electrotechnological wastewater treatment facility. Wastewater treatment quality was determined by the concentration of nitrogen compounds in aqueous solutions according to the method of Lurie. Biodiagnostics of the investigated activated sludge via surfactant action was carried out at polyethylene oxide concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 mg/dm3. As a result of experiments on wastewater treatment after aquaculture, an improvement in the reduction of pollutants only by the indicator “nitrate concentration” was determined: by 20% after anodic oxidation, and by 15% after photolysis. At almost all surfactant concentrations studied, the activated sludge was not completely recovered, which was expressed in a decrease in its quantity and in the inability to aggregate flakes of activated sludge. The diameter of the growth retardation of the standard disk with antibiotic (amoxiclav) by the accumulative culture of activated sludge was 17.3 ± 2 mm at a concentration of 4 mg/dm3 and 31.3 ± 3 mm at a concentration of 6 mg/dm3. In the process of studying the state of the activated sludge’s biocenosis under the influence of such toxicants, several regularities were revealed. The directions of using combined approaches of water treatment and wastewater treatment were defined. The structural model of treatment facilities using aerobic and anaerobic bioprocesses together with advanced oxidative technologies was substantiated.Item Polymer materials: bibliographic data analysis and trend detection(National Society of Enviromental Science and Engineeruing, 2021) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Balintova, M.; Рой, Ігор Олександрович; Рой, Игорь Александрович; Roi, Ihor Oleksandrovych; Demcak, S.Alternatives to waste management methods include the reorganization, recycling, and creation of environmentally friendly biodegradable polymer materials based on renewable resources, plant, and textile waste. The goal of this study is to analyze bibliographic data and identify trends in research on polymer materials of different genesis, with particular attention to research on the production and use of biopolymers. VOSviewer v.1.6.15 is used to present the analysis results. Environmental impact areas in the life cycle of traditional polymers have been analyzed. The network of main bioplastics clusters is visualized within the framework of modeling the dependencies on the main keywords in the analysis of the dynamics of publication activity, the main trends in the development of new biodegradable materials are revealed. A comparative review of the environmental impact of different types of bioplastics is made by the life cycle assessment method.