Факультет технічних систем і енергоефективних технологій (ТеСЕТ)
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Item The potential of organic waste as a substrate for anaerobic digestion in Ukraine: trend definitions and environmental safety of the practices(Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2021) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Shtepa, V.; Рой, Ігор Олександрович; Roi, Ihor Oleksandrovych; Чубур, Вікторія Сергіївна; Chubur, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Скворцова, Поліна Олексіївна; Skvortsova, Polina Oleksiivna; Ivlieva, A.; Danilov, D.This article is devoted to the analysis and prospects of using different types of organic waste to achieve environmental goals. Due to the unique climate and natural resources, Ukraine has significant potential for biomass, the processing of which should solve urgent problems with the disposal of waste, as well as the production of alternative energy sources and biofertilizers. The preferred substrates for anaerobic digestion in Ukraine, considering the technological feasibility, availability, and volume are animal manure (cattle, pigs), bird droppings, plant residues, industrial sludge, common sludges. After analyzing the statistics for 2015-2019, the groups of dominant wastes were identified, and with the help of the built-in function "TREND," the forecast of the waste potential with an organic component for 2021-2026 was constructed. Examining the obtained indicators for different types of waste, the reasons for the tendency of decrease or increase in their formation in the next five years were revealed. The direction of enhancing the sustainability of bioenergy, achieving environmental goals through the bioprocessing of organic waste associated with the ecological safety of production processes were discussed.Item Effect of Electrolysis on Activated Sludge during the Hydrolysis and Acidogenesis Stages in the Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Manure(MDPI, 2022) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Balintova, M.; Shtepa, V.; Чубур, Вікторія Сергіївна; Чубур, Виктория Сергеевна; Chubur, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Junakova, N.This paper focuses on the study of the effect of electrolysis on activated sludge in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) under the anaerobic digestion of poultry manure. This study was conducted using a bioreactor design with and without electrodes (conventional condition). Measurements of pH, redox potential (ORP), and total dissolved solids were carried out, as was the microscopy of activated sludge during treatment and gasometry. There was an increase in the yields of CH4 and CO2 compared to conventional conditions. Thus, on the 14th day, there was an increase in the CH4 yield to 35.1% compared with the conventional conditions—31.6%—as well as in the CO2 yield to 53.5% compared with the cell without electrodes—37.7%. Visually, the microscopy of anaerobic activated sludge showed changes in the aggregation process itself, with the formation of cells of clusters of microorganism colonies with branches of a delineated shape. ORP fluctuations were related to the process of the dissociation into ions during the passage of an electric current through the electrodes, and were observed before and after the inclusion of a current into the system. A model of the effect of electrolysis during anaerobic digestion was developed, taking into account the influencing factors on the condition of the activated sludge.