Факультет технічних систем і енергоефективних технологій (ТеСЕТ)
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Item Diversity of Peritricha (Ciliophora) in Activated Sludge Depending on the Technology of Wastewater Treatment(Polish Society of Ecological Engineering, 2024) Babko, R.; Кузьміна, Тетяна Миколаївна; Kuzmina, Tetiana Mykolaivna; Pliashechnyk, V.; Zaburko, J.; Szulżyk-Cieplak, J.; Łagód, G.The representation of Peritricha ciliates was studied in the activated sludge of two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), one of which operates using a technology that includes alternating aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic condi tions in bioreactors (Lublin, Poland), and the other – only aerobic conditions (Sumy, Ukraine). During the study, 14 Peritricha species were identified in the WWTP Lublin, and 13 species were identified in the WWTP Sumy. The similarity of species lists was 81.5% (Sørensen index). On the basis of on the similarity and taking into account the occurrence rate (≥ 60%), a common group of Peritricha species characteristic of the activated sludge from these two types of treatment facilities was identified, which includes 4 species of colonial Peritricha: Carchesium polypinum, Epistylis coronata, Epistylis longicaudatum and Opercularia articulata, and also 4 species of solitary Peritricha: Vorticella aquadulcis, Vorticella convallaria, Vorticella infusionum and Vorticella microstoma. Despite the very high similarity in species composition, statistical analysis of the population structure of Peritricha showed a clear separation of two WWTPs with different wastewater treatment technologies. If there is a significant simi larity in the species composition of Peritricha, the species, based on their abundance and occurrence, are divided into two groups, focused on different technological schemes. The population structure of Peritricha responds to the changes in purification technology, showing the changes not so much in species composition as in their quantita tive structure. The differences in bioreactor conditions and increased effluent treatment efficiency demonstrated by the WWTP Lublin result in differences in Peritricha species structure, which are reflected in higher Peritricha abundance in WWTP Lublin compared to WWTP Sumy.Item Anaerobic Digestion Combined with Electrolysis of Poultry Manure and Activated Sludge Inoculum(Institute of Energy, 2022) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Shtepa, V.N.; Пляцук, Леонід Дмитрович; Пляцук, Леонид Дмитриевич; Pliatsuk, Leonid Dmytrovych; Чубур, Вікторія Сергіївна; Чубур, Виктория Сергеевна; Chubur, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Danylov, D.V.The aim of the work was to study the effect of electrolysis on the process of anaerobic digestion in the example of poultry manure with an inoculum of activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The set aim was achieved by solving the following tasks: microcopiing of anaerobic activated sludge during the digestion of poultry manure under the influence of electrolysis treatment; studying the dynamics of biogas yield and its component composition under electrolysis treatment; studying the change in pH values and redox potential (ORP) in experiments with a combination of a bioreactor with electrolysis treatment and without treatment. Evaluation of the effect of stimulating the metabolic activity of microorganisms during treatment in the bioreactor-electrolyser was the most significant result. In addition, improved biodegradability of complex organic components of poultry manure was substantiated. Thus, methane yield on the 28th day was 640.5 ml from the total volume of 1525 ml of biogas, and under conventional conditions, methane yield was 33.4 ml from 50 ml of total volume. The decrease of H2S content in biogas under the influence of electrolysis was determined. A low ORP value of - 495 mV was achieved in the control experiment (without electrolysis treatment). ORP gradually increased in the bioreactor-electrolyser at all stages of digestion and reached -53 mV on day 28. pH stabilized at a neutral level. The positive effect of combining anaerobic digestion with electrolysis on the intensification of biogas production with a large volume of methane has been experimentally confirmed.Item Effect of Electrolysis on Activated Sludge during the Hydrolysis and Acidogenesis Stages in the Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Manure(MDPI, 2022) Черниш, Єлізавета Юріївна; Черныш, Елизавета Юрьевна; Chernysh, Yelyzaveta Yuriivna; Balintova, M.; Shtepa, V.; Чубур, Вікторія Сергіївна; Чубур, Виктория Сергеевна; Chubur, Viktoriia Serhiivna; Junakova, N.This paper focuses on the study of the effect of electrolysis on activated sludge in a microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) under the anaerobic digestion of poultry manure. This study was conducted using a bioreactor design with and without electrodes (conventional condition). Measurements of pH, redox potential (ORP), and total dissolved solids were carried out, as was the microscopy of activated sludge during treatment and gasometry. There was an increase in the yields of CH4 and CO2 compared to conventional conditions. Thus, on the 14th day, there was an increase in the CH4 yield to 35.1% compared with the conventional conditions—31.6%—as well as in the CO2 yield to 53.5% compared with the cell without electrodes—37.7%. Visually, the microscopy of anaerobic activated sludge showed changes in the aggregation process itself, with the formation of cells of clusters of microorganism colonies with branches of a delineated shape. ORP fluctuations were related to the process of the dissociation into ions during the passage of an electric current through the electrodes, and were observed before and after the inclusion of a current into the system. A model of the effect of electrolysis during anaerobic digestion was developed, taking into account the influencing factors on the condition of the activated sludge.Item Quantitative study of activated sludge population structure(IOP Publishing, 2021) Babko, R.; Pliashechnyk, V.; Кузьміна, Тетяна Миколаївна; Кузьмина, Татьяна Николаевна; Kuzmina, Tetiana Mykolaivna; Zaburko, J.; Danko, Y.; Łagód, G.A quantitative study of the population structure of activated sludge is an important component of biological wastewater treatment control. However, in the studying of live samples of the activated sludge, some complications arise, in particular, associated with the relatively short time of the subsample suitability. A subsample is the part of the sample that is placed on a glass slide and in which organisms are counted. The issue of optimization of counts of organisms with large amplitude of population density is considered. The results of counting ciliated protozoa in activated sludge were described. The samples were counted in 45 sub-samples of 25 µl each. An average of 10 counts was required to achieve high reliability in determining population densities with more than or equal to 1 specimen per 25 µl in sub-samples. For small population densities (less one specimen per 25 µl) of free-swimming, crawling, and sessile ciliates, 30 counts are necessary. When the density of colonial protozoan populations is established, the number of counts should be increased to 40, especially when colonies with significant differences in the number of zooids are found.Item Assessment of wastewater treatment plant effluent impact on the ecosystem of the river on the basis of the quantitative development of ciliated protozoa characteristic of the aeration tank(IWA Publishing, 2020) Babkoв, R.; Pliashechnyk, V.; Кузьміна, Тетяна Миколаївна; Кузьмина, Татьяна Николаевна; Kuzmina, Tetiana Mykolaivna; Danko, Y.; Szulzyk-Cieplak, J.; Lagod, G.The work is devoted to the task of simplifying the assessment of the effect of effluents from treatment facilities on the river hydrobiocenosis. The studies were carried out on the mountain river Uzh (Uzhgorod, Ukraine). Our approach to assessing the impact of waste treatment facilities on the river receiver is based on the estimate of the similarity of species composition and quantitative characteristics of populations of organisms from the aerotank and from the river. It is shown that the quantitative development of populations of species of ciliates from the aeration tank is a good indicator for assessing the degradation of organic matter coming with wastewater. The use of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the protozoa from the wastewater treatment plant as a criterion for assessing the quality of the environment in the area of wastewater discharge showed their representativeness and effectiveness. The use of a limited number of species makes it possible to conduct an express assessment of the effect of effluents on receiving reservoirs for specialists working with activated sludge in the laboratories of treatment facilities.