Кібершахрайства, фінансові правопорушення та легалізація кримінальних доходів в умовах цифровізації економіки України
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Date
2021
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Університет митної справи та фінансів
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Abstract
Цифровизация экономики определена как одно из приоритетных направлений развития Украины. Усложнение и развитие новейших информационных технологий приводят к возникновению новых методов и подходов к осуществлению экономической и финансовой деятельности. Но, несмотря на значительный положительный эффект от цифровизации экономики, создаются также благоприятные условия для преступников. Становится проще отмывать доходы, проводить мошенничества с финансовыми инструментами, появляются новые возможности для киберпреступников. Данные процессы побуждают к детальному анализу детерминант преступной деятельности, которая имеет наибольшее влияние на экономику. В исследовании определены направление и степень влияния цифровизации, финансового мониторинга и деятельности банковских учреждений, бирж ценных бумаг, страховых компаний на количество финансовых и киберпреступлений и легализацию криминальных доходов. Построены MAR-сплайновые модели взаимозависимости между регрессорами и регрессандами. Проверена адекватность построенных моделей.
Digitalization of the economy is identified as one of the leading and priority fields of Ukraine's development. The complexity and development of new information technologies leads to the development of new methods and approaches to economic and financial activities. But despite the significant useful effects of digitalization, preferable conditions are also created for criminals. It is becoming easier to launder money, commit fraud with financial instruments and create new opportunities for cybercriminals. These processes lead to a detailed analysis of the determinants of criminal activity that has the greatest impact on the economy. The simulation identifies trends in the relationship of cybercrime, financial offenses and money laundering with generalized characteristics of fintech development, the number of reports of suspicious transactions submitted to the SCF and the level of development of key areas of financial activity: banks, insurance companies and stock exchanges. The study identified the direction and extent of the impact of digitalization, financial monitoring and activities of banking institutions, stock exchanges, insurance companies on the number of financial and cybercrimes and money laundering. MAR-spline models of interdependence between regressors and regressions were built. The adequacy of the constructed models is checked and confirmed. The advantage of MAR-spline models determines the possibility of calculating the limit values of factor features. The presence of the influence of factor features is traced either only until the achievement of certain threshold values or only when these threshold values are exceeded. Some factor characteristics had a multiplier effect on the resulting offenses. The practical application of the FinTech spline model of the interdependence of innovation and financial and cybercrime through financial institutions will benefit both financial intermediaries and users of the financial system, as well as government regulators and supervisors. Such a model can be useful and interesting to international organizations, investors and developers of regulatory standards, banking institutions, and other scientists conducting research in this area.
Digitalization of the economy is identified as one of the leading and priority fields of Ukraine's development. The complexity and development of new information technologies leads to the development of new methods and approaches to economic and financial activities. But despite the significant useful effects of digitalization, preferable conditions are also created for criminals. It is becoming easier to launder money, commit fraud with financial instruments and create new opportunities for cybercriminals. These processes lead to a detailed analysis of the determinants of criminal activity that has the greatest impact on the economy. The simulation identifies trends in the relationship of cybercrime, financial offenses and money laundering with generalized characteristics of fintech development, the number of reports of suspicious transactions submitted to the SCF and the level of development of key areas of financial activity: banks, insurance companies and stock exchanges. The study identified the direction and extent of the impact of digitalization, financial monitoring and activities of banking institutions, stock exchanges, insurance companies on the number of financial and cybercrimes and money laundering. MAR-spline models of interdependence between regressors and regressions were built. The adequacy of the constructed models is checked and confirmed. The advantage of MAR-spline models determines the possibility of calculating the limit values of factor features. The presence of the influence of factor features is traced either only until the achievement of certain threshold values or only when these threshold values are exceeded. Some factor characteristics had a multiplier effect on the resulting offenses. The practical application of the FinTech spline model of the interdependence of innovation and financial and cybercrime through financial institutions will benefit both financial intermediaries and users of the financial system, as well as government regulators and supervisors. Such a model can be useful and interesting to international organizations, investors and developers of regulatory standards, banking institutions, and other scientists conducting research in this area.
Keywords
цифровізація економіки, кіберзлочини, легалізація кримінальних доходів, фінансові злочини, MAR-сплайнові моделі, digitalization of the economy, cybercrime, legalization of criminal proceeds, financial crimes, MAR-spline models, цифровизация экономики, киберпреступления, легализация криминальных доходов, финансовые преступления, MAR-сплайновые модели
Citation
Лєонов С., Доценко Т., Миненко С. Кібершахрайства, фінансові правопорушення та легалізація кримінальних доходів в умовах цифровізації економіки України // Науковий погляд: економіка та управління. 2021. № 73. С. 9-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32836/2521-666X/2021-73-2