Journal of Engineering Sciences / Журнал інженерних наук
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://devessuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34326
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Item Prediction of the total exhaust heat emission from motorcycles using a backpropagation neural network(Sumy State University, 2025) Sugiono, S.; Putro, W.W.; Swara, S.E.; Nurbi, R.S.; Rafif, A.H.; Gusti, G.I.I.; Putri A., Z.S.; Alfayyadh, M.A.The increasing number of motorcycles in Indonesia contributes significantly to traffic congestion, noise pollution, air pollution, and thermal emissions to the surrounding environment. This study develops a rapid and accurate method to predict total exhaust heat from motorcycles in real-time using a backpropagation neural network (BPNN) optimized with a genetic algorithm. The research methodology involves measuring exhaust heat from 17 motorcycle types using thermal imaging equipment across various engine speeds (2000–5000 rpm). Input parameters include motorcycle brand, engine displacement, transmission type, manufacturing year, ambient temperature, and vehicle speed, while output parameters comprise heat from the engine surface, the exhaust surface, and exhaust gas. The BPNN model achieved a mean square error of 0.01 after training on 500 datasets (70 % training, 15 % validation, 15 % testing). Results show that engine surface heat contributes 87 % of total exhaust heat, exhaust surface contributes 12 %, and exhaust gas contributes 1 %. This BPNN module enables real-time environmental heat assessment, supporting sustainable transportation planning and vehicle design improvements.Item Energy conversion in the working nozzle of a pneumatic abrasive-jet unit(Sumy State University, 2025) Бага, Вадим Миколайович; Baha, Vadym Mykolaiovych; Pitel, J.The article investigates the working processes in the channels with relatively simple geometry, such as working nozzles and seals designed to regulate the working flow jet passing through them. The main aim was to solve an essential scientific and technological problem of improving flow part nozzle performance in the pneumoabrasive units by applying the results of the study of energy conversion mechanism, namely, the conversion of compressed air potential energy into kinetic energy of the nozzle outlet jet. Hydrodynamic methods of flow part profiling, CFD modeling, and a physical experiment were applied. The methods for rational choice of the working nozzle geometry and its operating mode were also carried out. The designs of working nozzles for hydro-pneumatic units, their systems, and elements were developed and improved. The air nozzle geometry was adapted to operate in the pneumo-abrasive unit, with the air abrasive mixture being its medium. River sand, with a grain size of about 0.5 mm, was used as an abrasive material. The numerical studies of the air-abrasive mixture flow in the nozzle flow part resulted in gaining detailed information about all the elements of its structure in the flow and beyond it within a wide range of operating modes due to the application of the ANSYS software. As a result, a new approach to working nozzles profiling based on providing a proper air-abrasive mixture flow movement with a minimum hydraulic axial and circumferential resistance was developed. This made it possible to increase both the air-abrasive mixture flow rate from a nozzle and its consumption factor value. The impact patterns of nozzle geometry and operating modes on its flow structure and other indicators considered while designing and upgrading the flow parts of the jet-abrasive nozzles were found. Overall, a new design for a working nozzle with better energy performance was developed.Item Simulation modeling of the adaptive system for hydraulic drives of a stalk forage separator(Sumy State University, 2025) Veselovska, N.R.; Rutkevych, V.S.; Shargorodskiy, S.A.; Yaropud, V.M.; Kupchuk, I.M.The article aims to increase the accuracy of the block-portioned stem feed separator, reducing unproductive power losses and dynamic loads in the hydraulic drive of the separator by developing scientific fundamentals based on nonlinear mathematical models and adaptive hydraulic drive systems. The research uses simulation modeling to design an energy-efficient hydraulic drive for a stem feed separator from trench storage. The proposed approach allowed for avoiding significant capital investments to manufacture a prototype. A detailed description of the physical model was carried out. It allowed for checking the results’ reliability and evaluating the rational improvements. As a result, a new design and the corresponding technological scheme of a stem feed separator from trench storage were presented. An approach for simulating transient processes in the hydraulic drive of the separator was also proposed. The experimental design allowed for studying the hydraulic drive in a dynamic mode for different processing loads and various parameters of the adaptive liquid flow separator and the whole system. A close match was found between analytical studies and numerical simulation during the research. This allowed for the recommendation of the obtained dependencies to apply in developing hydraulic drives of stem separators. Moreover, the proposed adaptive hydraulic drive of the stem feed loader allowed for adaptive change in the operation of the cutting unit drive according to the feed. Overall, the possibility of reducing the drive power for the stem feed loader to 5–6 kW was confirmed when using a hydraulic drive system with a mechanism for adapting the working bodies to the operating conditions.Item Substantiation of the operating parameters of walnut drying equipment(Sumy State University, 2024) Kaletnik, G.; Tsurkan, O.; Spirin, A.; Gudzenko, N.; Prysiazniuk, D.; Didyk, A.The most important operation in walnut processing technology is drying to achieve the required moisture content. It is the most energy-consuming, and therefore, of course, there is an attempt to increase the energy efficiency of this process. Recent research and publications have shown many ways and means to dry nuts. According to the authors’ developments, the most effective are convective dryers, which can intensify the process by vibrating the material layer, which increases the heat transfer ratio. To determine the rational parameters of the drying process, a mathematical model was developed in which the nut is represented by a complex geometric shape – a sphere in a sphere, where the kernel is the inner sphere, and the shell is the outer sphere. The presence of harmful internal heat sources modeled the process of moisture removal. An equation was obtained in the criterion form that allowed temperature determination at an arbitrary point of the inner sphere at an arbitrary time depending on specific initial and boundary conditions, as well as the operating parameters of the drying process. The obtained mathematical model made it possible to reliably simulate the process of drying walnuts in a convective-vibration dryer and control the change in material temperature to ensure the high quality of the final product.Item Development of a self-cleaning mechanism for torque-flow pumps(Sumy State University, 2024) Кондусь, Владислав Юрійович; Kondus, Vladyslav Yuriiovych; Ciszak, O.; Zhukov, A.; Муштай, Максим Валерійович; Mushtai, Maksym Valeriiovych; Полковниченко, Вадим Валентинович; Polkovnychenko, Vadym Valentynovych; Кругляк, Андрій Андрійович; Kruhliak, Andrii AndriiovychThe design of reliable and durable pumping units is consistent with the achievement of a number of the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDG), in particular, “Clean water and proper sanitation” (SDG 6), “Affordable and clean energy” (SDG 7), and “Industry, innovation and infrastructure” (SDG 9). Notably, the use of torque-flow pumps is associated with the need to transport liquids of various types. Such an operating process can cause clogging of the flowing part of the pump (primarily the impeller) by pumping products, mainly wet wipes, solids, and inclusions. As a result of scientific research, an effective self-cleaning mechanism for the torque-flow pump was developed, which was the primary goal. The authors proved that the flow of actual fluid in the interblade channels of the impeller is characterized by an uneven distribution of absolute pressure and relative speed, which is a prerequisite for forming an uneven pulsating nature of motion (the key hypothesis of the study). To implement the proposed hypothesis, an impeller with uniform and non-uniform distribution of blades was developed, and the movement of actual fluid flow in their interblade channels was considered. As a result of the research, it was established that in the expanded interblade channels, there is a pulsation of the absolute (total) pressure value, which is more than 2 times higher than the indicator of an impeller with a uniform distribution of blades. This creates prerequisites for self-cleaning of the developed impeller of the torque-flow pump.Item An increase in the energy efficiency of vortex micro HPP with a flexible outlet siphon by self-adjustment of flows in the pressure chamber(Sumy State University, 2024) Zivzivadze, O.; Geguchadze, A.; Zivzivadze, B.; Dzadzamia, D.; Kuparadze, A.; Sulakvelidze, N.The article aims to increase the energy efficiency of the vortex micro-power plant, which would be achieved due to its compatibility with the terrain. In particular, the inlet channel connected to the water intake of the pressure chamber and the water collector placed in the upper pool by transverse joints, and the flexible siphon connected by vertical and horizontal joints to the diffuser of the same chamber with a telescopic end. The boundary conditions were selected with parameters such as the water flow acceleration according to the river bed’s slope angle and the inclination angle of the upstream channel near the vertical pressure cone chamber. The level difference between the upper and lower pools was adjusted. Inside the pressure chamber, the inclined guides of the small wings were hinged to its wall and were adjusted by ballasts. The reactive forces generated by the upward reflection of the incoming flow from the surfaces on the inclined small guide wings of the pressure chamber were a factor in curbing the said flow (compensating for the insufficient volume flow) and ensuring the continuity of the water supply to the turbine in shallow water. The mentioned circumstances allowed for improving the synchronization of incoming and outgoing flows. As a result of the above improvements, an increase in the energy efficiency (i.e., annual electricity generation) of 15–20 % was achieved.Item Efficiency Investigation of Coffee Production Waste Drying by Filtration Method(Sumy State University, 2024) Ivashchuk, O.S.; Atamanyuk, V.M.; Chyzhovych, R.A.This article presents the results of determining the technologically feasible parameters of filtration drying of coffee production waste based on experimental data on the kinetics of material drying and the hydrodynamics of thermal agent filtration. The lowest total energy costs were observed with the following process parameters: the material layer height of 120 mm, the thermal agent temperature of 90 °C, the velocity through the stationary layer of 1.76 m/s, and the specific energy consumption of 5857 kJ per 1 kg of water. Based on the determined technologically feasible process parameters, an evaluation of the filtration drying method for coffee production waste was performed at an industrial installation. According to the calculation, using the filtration method, 1164 kW h of energy was required to dry about 1000 kg of coffee production waste. A total energy of about 1.65 kW h/kg was required to remove 1 kg of moisture from the material in an industrial filtration drying installation. The results were compared with a drying material with similar initial parameters. It was calculated that to dry 1000 kg of coffee production waste in a rotary dryer, it is necessary to spend about 1625 kW h, and the total energy consumption for removing 1 kg moisture from the studied material is approximately 2.37 kW h/kg. Thus, for a similar output of about 1000 kg/h, filtration drying can reduce energy consumption by about 465 kW·h and reduce the required drying time by more than 20 times. The overall economic effect of using the filtration drying method in industry is expected to be higher, given the significant heat losses to the environment for a rotary dryer due to its large size, long drying time, design features, and the need for energy-intensive auxiliary equipment. After calculating the energy consumption per 1 kg of dry material, it is necessary to spend 12 950 kJ/kg of dry matter, about 41.5 % less than the higher calorific value for experimental samples of briquetted solid fuel made from this material. This result makes it economically feasible to further dry coffee production waste to produce alternative solid fuels.Item Simultaneous optimization of delamination and thrust force during drilling of GFRP laminate with a core drill by E-PIV method(Sumy State University, 2024) Babu, J.; Ramana, M.V.; Vivek, D.; Reddy, C.H.S.Aeronautical applications are permanently improving because of the excellent mechanical capabilities of glass-fiber-reinforced polymers (GFRP). Drilling is a vital machining task required to put the structures made of these composites together. However, these GFRP composites need more precise machining than metallic materials. This machining procedure causes delamination in the composite composition. Delamination at the exit and entry of drilled holes is a severe problem for composite materials. By maximizing the controlling variables of the drilling process, superior-drilled holes can be generated. The present study aims to optimize the drilling settings by considering various performance aspects using the entropy weight-coupled proximity indexed value method. For this study, Taguchi’s L25 5-level orthogonal array was employed. The responses are at the exit, entry delamination, and thrust force, while the control variables are feed rate and spindle speed. The findings indicate that more significant spindle speeds and smaller feed rates improve drilling success. Furthermore, current research indicates that feed rate has a more significant impact on the quality of the drilling holes.Item Effect of erosion on surface roughness and hydromechanical characteristics of abrasive-jet machining(Sumy State University, 2024) Baha, V.; Pitel, J.; Павленко, Іван Володимирович; Pavlenko, Ivan VolodymyrovychThe article contains the fundamental results of the experimental and numerical investigations for pneumoabrasive unit nozzles with different geometries. The research was purposed by the pressing need to develop an inexpensive and effective working nozzle design of the air-abrasive unit which can be applied for surface processing before some technological processes are performed, as well as for surface coating, descaling after thermal treatment, processing of hollow holes of the crankshafts, smoothing of the inner surfaces of the narrow channels between the impeller blades after electric discharge machining for ultrahigh-pressure combination compressors. Several designs were considered, ranging from the simplest to those with a complicated inner channel geometry. The impact of the nozzle material and challenging inner surface application on its characteristics has also been studied. The research was done using the application of modern CFD complexes for numerical modeling of the air-abrasive mixture discharge from the working nozzle of the pneumo-abrasive unit. In addition, physical experimentation was provided. The methods applied in the research allow for profound, systematic research of spraying units operating on the air-abrasive mixture within a wide range of geometrical and mode parameters. The novelty of the gained results lies in the development of the mathematical model of the pneumo-abrasive nozzle operating process, the working out of a cheaper nozzle design, getting information about air-abrasive mixture distribution along the nozzle length, giving practical recommendations for calculation and designing a working nozzle for the jet-abrasive unit.Item Heat utilization in boiler plants by using liquid-vapor jet apparatus(Sumy State University, 2024) Шарапов, Сергій Олегович; Sharapov, Serhii Olehovych; Krmela, J.; Гусєв, Данило Максимович; Husiev, Danylo Maksymovych; Вербицький, Антон Романович; Verbytskyi, Anton Romanovych; Bocko, J.The article solves the problem of heat utilization from combustion products in boiler plants. The proposed solution involves extracting heat to preheat the network water for the heating system and implementing additional heat utilization using a liquid-vapor jet apparatus. This will allow for additional working steam generation in the main steam generator and the unit based on the liquid-vapor jet apparatus. The article provides schemes and descriptions of traditional and proposed plants, indicating their design differences from the basic scheme. Comparative thermodynamic analysis of the proposed installation for additional recuperative heat utilization and the basic scheme is carried out, in which heat utilization occurs due to the extraction of heat from combustion products to preheat the network water of the heating system. As a result, the main thermodynamic parameters of the cycles of basic and proposed schemes are obtained, and the values of the capacities on the apparatuses included in these installations are determined. The energetic potential obtained from additional heat utilization is 8 %, which can be used for electricity generation. Exergy analysis assesses the efficiency of additional heat utilization in boiler plants using units based on liquid-vapor jet apparatus. As a result of the exergy analysis, the value of the exergetic efficiency of the scheme with additional heat utilization was obtained, which is 1.47 times higher than that of the basic scheme. A thermoeconomic analysis was performed to determine the cost values. Implementing the new scheme enables reducing the specific cost of the heating unit by 48 % and increasing the amount of steam generated in the installation by an additional 18 %.