Health Economics and Management Review
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Item Health problems among radiographers: An empirical study in private hospitals(Academic Research and Publishing UG, 2023) Rajan, D.; Dhar, P.Diagnosis is essential in health care management, because upon the results of diagnosis doctors and surgeons decide their treatment plan. Accurate diagnosis of the diseases is crucial to initiate the right treatment whereas inaccurate diagnosis will cause negative outcome, which will put patients at risk. Radiographers play a crucial role in diagnostic profession and contribute to the medical personnel to diagnose the diseases accurately. At the same time, radiographers, among other categories of paramedical employees in the health care sector, are more vulnerable to numerous health related issues (varying from headache to cancer in light of their nature of job – continuous exposure to high radiation rays). It not only endangers their physical health, but also impinges on their mental health. Sound health of radiographers is paramount to support them delivering productive outcomes, which assists the medical personnel to diagnose the underlying diseases of patients accurately and initiate the right treatment. On the contrary, the ill-health of radiographers not only distresses their own health and stakes the routine function of the department. It can also be a main source of reason for the inaccurate diagnosis by the medical personnel, which will eventually endanger the treatment of patients and also put the reputation of organizations at risk. Thus, since the health problems of radiographers remain a serious threat to patients and reputation of organizations, it is inevitable to analyse their health issues and find out the appropriate ways to prevent them from occurring. In view of this concept, this survey based on descriptive research has been undertaken in Tirunelveli City, Tamil Nadu with the objective of examining various health problems of radiographers working in private multi-speciality hospitals. In order to know the health-related problems, the present study has examined nine variables related to both physical and mental health. The study has sampled 60 radiographers using both convenience and judgement sampling techniques. Primary data for the study have been collected using the questionnaire method. Secondary data have been collected from books, journals and websites. Percentage has been administered to understand perception of radiographers towards various health-related problems. The result of the study has discovered that tiredness and low energy, body pain, difficulties in sleeping, depression, anger, emotional disturbances and digestive disorders are the foremost health-related problems. Skin and eye problems, urinary tract infection, diabetes mellitus and hypertension, irregular menstruations, weight loss and hair loss are the next foremost health-related problems of radiographers. The perception of the respondents to the discussed variables is moderate.Item Review on the recent infectious diseases in the State of God’s own country(Academic Research and Publishing UG, 2023) Sahoo, K.K.; Rajamani, S.Тягар інфекційних і неінфекційних захворювань у Кералі зростає. Незважаючи на минулі успіхи штату в утриманні різноманітних інфекційних захворювань під контролем, останні дослідження денге, малярії, лептоспірозу, гепатиту, чикунгунья та H5N1 призвели до помітного зростання захворюваності та смертності. Інфекційні захворювання продовжують залишатися основною причиною захворюваності та смертності людей і тварин з величезними витратами на охорону здоров'я в Індії. Протягом останніх кількох років Керала, штат Індії, конфліктувала з природою. Різноманітний рельєф країни, екстремальні геокліматичні коливання та нерівномірний розподіл населення демонструють характерні закономірності розповсюдження вірусних захворювань. За останнє десятиліття штат Керала зіткнувся з серйозною проблемою охорони здоров’я через відродження інфекційних захворювань, що призвело до підвищення як смертності, так і захворюваності. Методологія: ця оглядова стаття спрямована на дослідження та обговорення епідемій, які, як відомо, виникли протягом 21-го століття. З цією метою дослідник провів огляд літератури через Google Scholar і PubMed. Усі статті, що стосуються зареєстрованих інфекцій у штаті Керала та факторів, що сприяють спалаху інфекції, були обрані для включення в огляд. Результати: з низки джерел ми вибрали добірку статей, які висвітлюють тему вірусних інфекцій. Ми виявили, що багато людей у штаті Керала стали жертвами таких бактеріальних інфекційних захворювань, як лихоманка чикунгунья, висипний тиф, ротавірусна діарея, лихоманка переломів кісток, вірус Ніпа, хвороба Кясанурського лісу (KFDV), лептоспіроз, COVID. -19 і віспа мавп за останнє десятиліття. Мешканцям Керали пощастило, що вони мають доступ до чудового медичного обслуговування, і нещодавно уряд став пріоритетом профілактики та контролю захворювань. Висновок: у цьому звіті підкреслюється стратегія боротьби з інфекційними захворюваннями штату Керала та необхідність для інших штатів Індії наслідувати її. Держави можуть запобігти поширенню хвороби та захистити жителів, вживаючи аналогічних заходів.Item The USA medical insurance as a stimulating factor to increase labour efficiency(Sumy State University, 2023) Койбічук, Віталія Василівна; Койбичук, Виталия Васильевна; Koibichuk, Vitaliia Vasylivna; Khan, B.; Дрозд, Сергій Анатолійович; Дрозд, Сергей Анатольевич; Drozd, Serhii AnatoliiovychMedical insurance is critical for state labour efficiency. In many countries (including in the United States of America), it is tightly connected to labour, which makes workers have valid insurance policies for free and constant access to medical aid. That strongly secures workers’ health and their high performance. In state-supporting insurance cases, citizens have a common access to medical services (regardless of their employment type). Here, people can be provided with medical aid without worrying about any prices, which keeps their strong health and high productivity skills. Within employment-related medical insurance, it is employers who are fully responsible for their employees’ insurance. As a tangible financial business burden, it may keep workers close to their employment place itself: if resigned, they can lose good medical insurance at all. The medical insurance system is a key and decisive factor to raise labour efficiency. To achieve and secure it, governments should permanently develop affordable and reliable insurance systems. In our research, we chose the following indexes: coverage of state and private insurances, labour efficiency levels, national employment levels, life expectancy, healthcare costs (% of gross domestic product), healthcare costs by volume. We conducted the given study via data normalisation and regression modelling (backward data selection). We applied Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) as a regression-based method to describe non-linear variable relations. Among our engaged methods, there were also bibliography analysis, data processing, systematisation, comparison and logical generalisation. The current research results are relevant for politics and business. Politicians may use them in developing social-economic principles to improve medical insurance and labour efficiency. Enterprises can involve such information to define medical insurance payments for the health and labour efficiency increase among all types of employees in any countries.Item Influence of Waste Incineration and Obtaining Energy from it to the Public Health for Certain Territories: A Bibliometric and Substantive Study(Sumy State University, 2023) Матвєєва, Юлiя Тагiбекiвна; Матвеева, Юлия Тагибековна; Matvieieva, Yuliia Tahibekivna; Сулим, Вікторія Василівна; Сулим, Виктория Васильевна; Sulym, Viktoriia Vasylivna; Росохата, Анна Сергіївна; Росохатая, Анна Сергеевна; Rosokhata, Anna Serhiivna; Jasnikowski, A.About 40 years ago, plastic packaging was almost never used in Ukraine. Food products were sold in glass bottles, iron cans or in paper wrappers, which were decomposed in the environment or handed over to recycling centres. However, in recent years, the situation has fundamentally changed all over the world. Almost all products have several layers of packaging made of synthetic polymer materials. It has led to the significant growth of landfills and, therefore, to the emergence of a new problem – their proper maintenance. Landfills are areas of land where household, construction and other wastes are stored without control. To reduce the volume of waste, landfills are often set on fire. This approach is unacceptable, as landfills are a serious source of soil, air and water pollutions. Arbitrarily created waste disposal points are not equipped appropriately, the products of waste decay fall into the soil and groundwater, which is the source of water supply for a large number of the national population. The decay temperature in some cases is so high that it often leads to their ignition, and large amounts of harmful substances are released into the air. In this article, the authors conducted a study of the terminological orientation of scientific publications in the context of identifying the impact on human health of the waste conversion into energy compared to the impact of the landfill operation. Bibliographic information about scientific publications in peer-reviewed publications were preliminarily acquired from the Scopus database. The obtained results showed that researchers are investigating the impact of landfills on the population health, mainly focusing on such concepts as “health”, “landfills”, “waste incineration”. The authors analysed the dynamics of scientific interest levels in this topic and determined that the highest rate would be in 2022. It confirms the growing relevance of the researched problem in the modern world. All authors’ considerations are illustrated by corresponding diagrams and tables.Item Renewable Energy and Health: Bibliometric Review of Non-Medical Research(Sumy State University, 2022) Вакуленко, Ігор Анатолійович; Вакуленко, Игорь Анатолиевич; Vakulenko, Ihor Anatoliiovych; Lieonov, G.Renewable energy has been a top topic for research for decades. Studying this issue is essential based on the need to find effective ways to replace fossil fuels with renewable ones. Climate change is the driver of the transition to renewable energy. And suppose the reason for the need to switch to renewable energy is clear to everyone. The methods provoke significant discussions, which have not stopped for a moment since the beginning of research on this topic. The economic aspect of replacing fossil fuels with renewables is paramount to developing effective business models that allow for the rapid replication of good practices. To this end, various mechanisms of state support and the formation of market incentives for investors were tested. However, the issue of the cost-effectiveness of fossil fuel substitution remains problematic. The issue of energy substitution cannot be considered solely in the economic sphere. The reason for this is the significant number of hidden or indirect effects that are difficult to evaluate. However, this needs to be done to understand renewable energy development’s true efficiency and importance. The global impact of large-scale renewable energy technologies is to reduce climate change loss. One of the most important aspects to study and quantify is the impact of energy and public health. It is well known that fossil fuels, being environmentally dirty, harm the human habitat. Declining environmental quality directly affects the number of diseases and life expectancy. Many studies have focused on approaches and quantifying economic losses due to environmental degradation. However, the question of how renewable energy reduces these losses remains poorly studied. Most research on the impact of energy on the environment focuses on reducing emissions. Such studies are extremely valuable but do not allow us to conclude the direct effects of fossil fuel substitution on renewable energy on human life and health and quantify this impact accordingly. This article focuses on the current state of research on the impact of renewable energy on the lives and health of the population and the costs associated with it. Based on available research, the article reviews the scientific developments on this topic in publications, mainly non-medical profiles.Item Conflict Management in Health Care Institutions(Sumy State University, 2021) Койбічук, Віталія Василівна; Койбичук, Виталия Васильевна; Koibichuk, Vitaliia Vasylivna; Dzwigol, H.; Stenko, S.Conflicts negatively affect the teamwork atmosphere. They lead to a deterioration of the psychological microclimate and reduce employability and deteriorate workers’ health. The authors noted that conflicts arise from different points of view, interests, manners, and management styles of conflict parties. Thus, an essential skill of any health care leader is the ability to prevent conflicts, reduce their negative consequences, resolve disputes, and create an atmosphere of mutual intelligibility. This study is devoted to conducting theoretical and practical research on conflict management in healthcare to form proposals for reducing the conflict level in healthcare institutions. The research uses methods of a systematic approach, sociological survey, testing, questionnaires, systematization, comparison, and logical generalization. The practical analysis of the conflict management process was carried out in the municipal non-profit enterprise of the Sumy Regional Council «Regional Diagnostic Center in Shostka». The study sample consists of ten doctors and ten nurses. This study conducted the following questionnaires: «Are you a conflicted person?»; «Assessment of patients’ conflict personality»; «Assessment of personality conflict»; «Assessment of balance in conflicts and propensity to nervous breakdowns», K. Thomas’ test «Identification of behaviors in conflict situations», A. Asinger’s methods of diagnosing aggression in the relationship. The findings showed that nurses are characterized by a higher level of personal conflict than doctors. Besides, in most conflict situations, health professionals prefer cooperation as a tactic of negotiation in conflicts. However, a third of conflict situations are characterized by the parties’ «opposition». The results showed that the most common conflict situations are the doctor-doctor and nurse-nurse. Conflicts between doctor-patient and nurse-patient occurred approximately equally. 75% of respondents indicated an average level of aggression. Based on the obtained results, to prevent and reduce the number of conflicts in health care institutions, the authors emphasized the importance of counseling and psychological work to resolve disputes, creating conditions for positive psychological relations between health professionals and patients, active use of information, communication, social-psychological, organizational technologies of conflict management.Item Prerequisites and possibilities of creating a medical engineering cluster as the part of regional territorial marketing.(Sumy State University, 2020) Залога, Ольга Олександрівна; Залога, Ольга Александровна; Zaloha, Olha Oleksandrivna; Вакуленко, Ігор Анатолійович; Вакуленко, Игорь Анатолиевич; Vakulenko, Ihor Anatoliiovych; Jasnikowsk, A.The article considers creating regional clusters to develop peripheral regions on the example of the Sumy region (Ukraine). The purpose of the paper is to determine the possibility of creating a medical engineering cluster in the city of Sumy and Sumy region, which will potentially increase the level of socio-economic development of the region. The urgency of solving this scientific problem lies in eliminating the disparity in the economic and social development of the regions. It is especially critical for peripheral regions, which are significantly inferior to industrial centers.