Навчально-науковий медичний інститут (НН МІ)
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Item Social isolation triggers oxidative status and impairs systemic and hepatic insulin sensitivity in normoglycemic rats(Elsevier, 2022) Bove, M.; Lama, A.; Schiavone, S.; Pirozzi, C.; Tucci, P.; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Сикора, Владислав Владимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav Volodymyrovych; Trinchese, G.; Corso, G.; Morgese, M.G.; Trabace, L.Drug-naïve psychotic patients show metabolic and hepatic dysfunctions. The rat social isolation model of psychosis allows to investigate mechanisms leading to these disturbances to which oxidative stress crucially contributes. Here, we investigated isolation-induced central and peripheral dysfunctions in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, along with redox dysregulation. Social isolation did not affect basal glycemic levels and the response to glucose and insulin loads in the glucose and insulin tolerance tests. However, HOMA-Index value were increased in isolated (ISO) rats. A hypothalamic reduction of AKT phosphorylation and a trend toward an increase in AMPK phosphorylation were observed following social isolation, accompanied by reduced GLUT-4 levels. Social isolation also induced a reduction of phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, of AKT and GLUT-2, and a decreased phosphorylation of AMPK in the liver. Furthermore, a significant reduction in hepatic CPT1 and PPAR-α levels was detected. ISO rats also showed significant elevations in hepatic ROS amount, lipid peroxidation and NOX4 expression, whereas no differences were detected in NOX2 and NOX1 levels. Expression of SOD2 in the mitochondrial fraction and SOD1 in the cytosolic fraction was not altered following social isolation, whereas SOD activity was increased. Furthermore, a decrease of hepatic CAT and GSH amount was observed in ISO rats compared to GRP animals. Our data suggest that the increased oxidant status and antioxidant capacity modifications may trigger hepatic and systemic insulin resistance, by altering signal hormone pathway and sustaining subsequent alteration of glucose homeostasis and metabolic impairment observed in the social isolation model of psychosis.Item Ketamine administration in early postnatal life as a tool for mimicking Autism Spectrum Disorders core symptoms(Elsevier Inc., 2022) Bove, M.; Schiavone, S.; Tucci, P.; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Сикора, Владислав Владимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav Volodymyrovych; Dimonte, S.; Colia, A.L.; Morgese, M.G.; Trabace, L.Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) core symptoms include deficits of social interaction, stereotyped behaviours, dysfunction in language and communication. Beyond them, several additional symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, anxiety-like states and hyperactivity are often occurring, mainly overlapping with other neuropsychiatric diseases. To untangle mechanisms underlying ASD etiology, and to identify possible pharmacological approaches, different factors, such as environmental, immunological and genetic ones, need to be considered. In this context, ASD animal models, aiming to reproduce the wide range of behavioural phenotypes of this uniquely human disorder, represent a very useful tool. Ketamine administration in early postnatal life of mice has already been studied as a suitable animal model resembling psychotic-like symptoms. Here, we investigated whether ketamine administration, at postnatal days 7, 9 and 11, might induce behavioural features able to mimic ASD typical symptoms in adult mice. To this aim, we developed a 4-days behavioural tests battery, including Marble Burying, Hole Board, Olfactory and Social tests, to assess repetitive and stereotyped behaviour, social deficits and anxiety-like symptoms. Moreover, by using this mouse model, we performed neurochemical and biomolecular analyses, quantifying neurotransmitters belonging to excitatory-inhibitory pathways, such as glutamate, glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), as well as immune activation biomarkers related to ASD, such as CD11b and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), in the hippocampus and amygdala. Possible alterations in levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus and amygdala were also evaluated. Our results showed an increase in stereotyped behaviours, together with social impairments and anxiety-like behaviour in adult mice, receiving ketamine administration in early postnatal life. In addition, we found decreased BDNF and enhanced GFAP hippocampal expression levels, accompanied by elevations in glutamate amount, as well as reduction in GABA content in amygdala and hippocampus. In conclusion, early ketamine administration may represent a suitable animal model of ASD, exhibiting face validity to mimic specific ASD symptoms, such as social deficits, repetitive repertoire and anxiety-like behaviour.Item Reparative processes features in trophic ulcers caused by diabetes mellitus with the use of platelet-rich plasma(ALUNA, 2020) Дужий, Ігор Дмитрович; Дужий, Игорь Дмитриевич; Duzhyi, Ihor Dmytrovych; Ніколаєнко, Андрій Сергійович; Николаенко, Андрей Сергеевич; Nikolaienko, Andrii Serhiiovych; Попадинець, Василь Миронович; Попадинець, Василий Миронович; Popadynets, Vasyl Myronovych; Кравець, Олександр Валерійович; Кравец, Александр Валерьевич; Kravets, Oleksandr Valeriiovych; Гресько, Ігор Яремович; Гресько, Игорь Еремеевич; Hresko, Ihor Yaremovych; Голубничий, Станіслав Олександрович; Голубничий, Станислав Александрович; Holubnychyi, Stanislav Oleksandrovych; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Сикора, Владислав Владимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav Volodymyrovych; Линдін, Микола Сергійович; Лындин, Николай Сергеевич; Lyndin, Mykola Serhiiovych; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii MykolaiovychThe improvement of the treatment results of the lower limbs ulcers, caused by the diabetes mellitus by using our technique of the platelet-rich plasma application; the study of the features of the morphological and immunohistochemical changes, and the effect of the growth factors of the platelet-rich plasma on the regeneration and healing of the ulcers. 38 patients with the trophic ulcers of the lower limbs, caused by diabetes mellitus were involved in the study. To assess the morphological features of the reparative processes before and after the treatment with PRP, the histological and immunohystochemical studies of the biopsy specimen of ulcers were carried out.