Навчально-науковий медичний інститут (НН МІ)
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://devessuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40
Browse
13 results
Search Results
Item Elective surgeries during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: Case burden and physician shortage concerns(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Mehta, A.; Awuah, W.A.; Ng, J.C.; Kundu, M.; Yarlagadda, R.; Sen, M.; Nansubuga, E.P.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Hasan, M.M.The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on several aspects of global healthcare systems, particularly surgical services. New guidelines, resource scarcity, and an ever-increasing demand for care have posed challenges to healthcare professionals, resulting in the cancellation of many surgeries, with short and long-term consequences for surgical care and patient outcomes. As the pandemic subsides and the healthcare system attempts to reestablish a sense of normalcy, surgical recommendations and advisories will shift. These changes, combined with a growing case backlog (postponed surgeries + regularly scheduled surgeries) and a physician shortage, can have serious consequences for physician health and, as a result, surgical care. Several initiatives are already being implemented by governments to ensure a smooth transition as surgeries resume. Newer and more efficient steps aimed at providing adequate surgical care while preventing physician burnout, on the other hand, necessitate a collaborative effort from governments, national medical boards, institutions, and healthcare professionals. This perspective aims to highlight alterations in surgical recommendations over the course of the pandemic and how these changes continue to influence surgical care and patient outcomes as the pandemic begins to soften its grip.Item Tumour microenvironment: Modulating effects, challenges, and future perspectives of oncolytic virotherapy in Astrocytoma treatment(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Awuah, W.A.; Huang, H.; Kalmanovich, J.; Mehta, A.; Kundu, M.; Toufik, A.R.; Tanna, R.; Hasan, M.M.; Alexiou, A.; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav VolodymyrovychAstrocytomas are the most common type of glioma and arise from astrocytes, which are star-shaped cells found in the cerebrum. Depending on the severity, current therapy include surgical excision, fractionated radiation, chemotherapy, temozolomide, etc. Despite these treatments, the average 5-year survival rate for astrocytomas is only 5%. Oncolytic Virotherapy (OVT) provides a novel treatment that could increase this survival rate and employs viruses to infect and kill tumor cells. Though the use of OVT for malignant melanoma and gliomas in general is well documented, there is a lack of substantial literature to guide the therapeutic effects of OVT in astrocytomas.Item Investigating discrepancies in demand and access for bariatric surgery across different demographics in the COVID-19 era(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Mehta, A.; Awuah, W.A.; Kalmanovich, J.; Huang, H.; Tanna, R.; Iqbal, D.J.; Garg, T.; Bulut, H.I.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Hasan, M.M.Obesity affects over 650 million adults worldwide and increases the risk of cardiovascular events, diabetes, and hypertension. While lifestyle recommendations are popular management options, bariatric surgery has emerged as a standard of care in refractory cases, reported to cause at least a 30% reduction in mortality. In addition, it mitigates obesity-related complications leading to a significant improvement in the quality of life for morbidly obese patients (BMI >40). Despite the numerous benefits, demand and access to bariatric surgery vary across different demographics such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status. This demand and access were further reduced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in cancellations of elective surgeries such as weight loss procedures and promotes a sedentary lifestyle which has short-term and long-term detrimental consequences on the health of obese patients. In the context of the prevalent epidemiological trends, this reduction in bariatric services will disproportionately affect the elderly, males, low SES, and African Americans. This editorial highlights the prevalent discrepancies in demand and access to bariatric surgery amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, and possible recommendations to improve overall access and utilization of bariatric services in morbidly obese patients belonging to all demographics.Item Vulnerable in silence: Paediatric health in the Ukrainian crisis(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Awuah, W.A.; Ng, J.C.; Mehta, A.; Yarlagadda, R.; Khor, K.S.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Hussain, A.; Kundu, M.; Sen, M.; Hasan, M.M.The Russian invasion of Ukraine is a humanitarian disaster. It has a wide-ranging impact on the livelihood and the health of those affected by the war. In the midst of constant shelling and casualties, children are more vulnerable to injuries, infections, malnutrition, and trauma, all of which can have serious consequences for their physical and mental health. Children, unlike adults, are simply subjected to the horrors of war with no pre-existing ability to deal with the consequences. We hope to highlight the effects of the current Ukrainian war on the health of the paediatric population, with a particular emphasis on surgical care, cancer care, infectious disease, to name a few. We hope to help contextualize future data and encourage the development of a system to protect and serve the war's most vulnerable population.Item Investigating thyroid dysfunction in the context of COVID-19 infection(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Mehta, A.; Awuah, W.A.; Yarlagadda, R.; Kalmanovich, J.; Huang, H.; Kundu, M.; Nansubuga, E.P.; Lopes, L.; Ghosh, B.; Hasan, M.M.COVID-19 is a contagious viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (Sars-CoV-2). One of the key features of COVID-19 infection is inflammation. There is increasing evidence pointing to an association between cytokine storm and autoimmunity. One autoimmune disease of interest in connection to COVID-19 is hyperthyroidism. COVID-19 has been shown to decrease TSH levels and induce thyrotoxicosis, destructive thyroiditis, and de novo Graves' disease. It has also been suggested that the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 antigens following vaccination can cross-react through a mechanism called molecular mimicry which can elicit autoimmune reactivity, potentially leading to potential thyroid disease post vaccine. However, if the COVID-19 vaccine is linked to reduced COVID-19 related serious disease, it could potentially play a protective role against post COVID-19 hyperthyroidism (de novo disease and exacerbations). Further studies investigating the complex interplay between COVID-19 or COVID-19 vaccine and thyroid dysfunction can help provide substantial evidence and potential therapeutic targets that can alter prognosis and improve COVID-19 related outcomes in individuals with or without preexisting thyroid disease.Item Embracing robotic surgery in low- and middle-income countries: Potential benefits, challenges, and scope in the future(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Mehta, A.; Ng, J.C.; Awuah, W.A.; Huang, H.; Kalmanovich, J.; Agrawal, A.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Hasan, M.M.; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav Volodymyrovych; Isik, A.Robotic surgery has applications in many medical specialties, including urology, general surgery, and surgical oncology. In the context of a widespread resource and personnel shortage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), the use of robotics in surgery may help to reduce physician burnout, surgical site infections, and hospital stays. However, a lack of haptic feedback and potential socioeconomic factors such as high implementation costs and a lack of trained personnel may limit its accessibility and application. Specific improvements focused on improved financial and technical support to LMICs can help improve access and have the potential to transform the surgical experience for both surgeons and patients in LMICs. This review focuses on the evolution of robotic surgery, with an emphasis on challenges and recommendations to facilitate wider implementation and improved patient outcomes.Item Telesurgery’s potential role in improving surgical access in Africa(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Mehta, A.; Awuah, W.A.; Aborode, A.T.; Ng, J.C.; Candelario, K.; Vieira, I.M.P.; Bulut, H.I.; Abdul-Rahman,T.; Hasan, M.M.; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav VolodymyrovychAn estimated five billion people worldwide lack access to surgical care, while LMICs including African nations require an additional 143 million life-saving surgical procedures each year.African hospitals are under-resourced and understaffed, causing global attention to be focused on improving surgical access in the continent. The African continent saw its first telesurgery application when the United States Army Special Operations Forces in Somalia used augmented reality to stabilize lifethreatening injuries.Various studies have been conducted since the first telesurgery implementation in 2001 to further optimize its application.In context of a relative shortage of healthcare resources and personnel telesurgery can considerably improve quality and access to surgical services in Africa.telesurgery can provide remote African regions with access to knowledge and tools that were previously unavailable, driving innovative research and professional growth of surgeons in the region.At the same time, telesurgery allows less trained surgeons in remote areas with lower social determinants of health, such as access, to achieve better health outcomes. However, lack of stable internet access, expensive equipment costs combined with low expenditure on healthcare limits expansive utilization of telesurgery in Africa. Regional and international policies aimed at overcoming these obstacles can improve access, optimize surgical care and thereby reduce disease burden associated with surgical conditions in Africa.Item From adversity to advancement: leveraging war-tested approaches for the post-conflict reformation of the Ukrainian healthcare landscape(Published by Oxford University Press, 2023) Adebusoye, F.T.; Tan, J.K.; Awuah, W.A.; Bharadwaj, H.R.; Naeem, W.; Ferreira, T.; Roy, S.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Личко, Володимир Станіславович; Lychko, Volodymyr StanislavovychThe Russo-Ukrainian Conflict has had significant repercussions on Ukraine’s healthcare system, resulting in civilian casualties and damage to healthcare institutions. The disruption of personnel, medical supplies, and patient transportation has created considerable challenges for healthcare services. However, there are successful approaches from comparable contexts that can serve as a catalyst for post-conflict healthcare reformation in Ukraine. Key strategies include improving healthcare accessibility for marginalized populations through standardized essential health and surgical care packages, rehabilitating damaged facilities, strengthening primary care provisions, and supporting war survivors with disabilities. By adopting these proven practices, Ukraine can stren gthen its healthcare system and facilitate a sustainable recovery, contributing to the country’s resilience and ensuring essential healthcare services for its population.Item Addressing Neurosurgery Research and Data Access Gaps in War-Inflicted Nations(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2023) Adebusoye, F.T.; Awuah, W.A.; Swaminathan, N.; Ghosh, S.; Wellington, J.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Овечкін, Денис Вячеславович; Ovechkin, Denys Viacheslavovych; Личко, Володимир Станіславович; Lychko, Volodymyr StanislavovychFor decades, neurosurgical research in war-torn countries has been subpar, owing to a plethora of factors that limit data accessibility and quality research. These countries are frequently affected by ongoing conflicts, which divert resources away from effective health care and research outcomes. Furthermore, they lack adequate institutes of higher education, where clinical and research excellence paves the epicenter of research institutions, trained personnel, and infrastructure, making high-quality research difficult.Item Neurological disorders in pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries - Management gaps, impacts, and future prospects: A review perspective(SAGE Journals, 2023) Debrah, A.F.; Adebusoye, F.T.; Shah, M.H.; Awuah, W.A.; Tenkorang, P.O.; Bharadwaj, H.R.; Wellington, J.; Ghosh, S.; Abiy, L.; Fernandes, C.; Abdul-Rahman, Т.; Личко, Володимир Станіславович; Lychko, Volodymyr Stanislavovych; Бабар, Тетяна Володимирівна; Babar, Tetiana Volodymyrivna; Нікітіна, Ірина Миколаївна; Nikitina, Iryna MykolaivnaNeurological disorders during pregnancy are a substantial threat to women’s health, particularly in low- and middleincome countries. Furthermore, a critical shortage of mental health workers and neurologists exacerbates the already pressing issue, where a lack of coordination of respective healthcare among multidisciplinary teams involved in managing these conditions perpetuates the current state of affairs. Financial restrictions and societal stigmas associated with neurological disorders in pregnancy amplify the situation. Addressing these difficulties would necessitate a multifaceted approach comprising investments in healthcare infrastructure, healthcare professional education and training, increased government support for research, and the implementation of innovative care models. Improving access to specialized treatment and coordinated management of antenatal neurological diseases will precipitate improved health outcomes for women and their families in low- and middle-income countries.