Навчально-науковий медичний інститут (НН МІ)
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Item Invasive Breast Carcinoma of No Special Type with Medullary Pattern: Morphological and Immunohistochemical Features(Turkish Journal of Pathology, 2022) Линдін, Микола Сергійович; Lyndin, Mykola Serhiiovych; Гирявенко, Наталія Іванівна; Hyriavenko, Nataliia Ivanivna; Сікора, Владислав Володимирович; Sikora, Vladyslav Volodymyrovych; Линдіна, Юлія Миколаївна; Lyndina, Yuliia Mykolaivna; Soroka, Y.; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Romaniuk, Anatolii MykolaiovychObjective: Our study investigated the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST) with medullary pattern to explore the inconsistencies between the structural and clinical traits of this category of tumor. Material and Method: The breast carcinoma samples (n = 26) with medullary pattern (defined according to established criteria) were subjected to immunohistochemical assays of the following receptors: ER, PR, HER2/neu, Ki-67, p53, Bcl-2, VEGF, MMP1, E-cadherin, EGFR, Hsp70, Hsp90, CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, CD163, CD56, CD138, MPO, S100, IgG, IgM, and PD-L1. Results: IBC-NST with medullary pattern was found to have negative expression of ER, PR, and HER2/neu; strong positive expression of Kі-67, mutant р53, Bcl-2, E-cadherin, EGFR, and PD-L1; moderate positive expression of Hsp70 and Hsp90; and low or negative expression of VEGF and MMP1. Furthermore, there was pronounced variability in the qualitative composition of tumor immune infiltrates with regards to T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, macrophages, plasmocytes, and granulocytes. Conclusion: IBC-NST with medullary pattern has many unfavourable morphological and immunohistochemical prognostic characteristics, which are balanced against the pronounced protective properties of the tumor cells and the qualitative characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. These can lead to a favourable disease course despite the relatively adverse features of the carcinoma cells.Item A Response of the Pineal Gland in Sexually Mature Rats under Long-term Exposure to Heavy Metal Salts(First Faculty of Medicine Charles University Czech Republic, 2022) Гринцова, Наталія Борисівна; Hryntsova, Nataliia Borysivna; Hodorová, I.; Mikhaylik, J.; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Romaniuk, Anatolii MykolaiovychPollution with heavy metal salts is an important environmental problem today, having an adverse effect on public health. The endocrine system maintains homeostasis in the body. The antioxidant protection (GPX-1) of the pineal gland in mature rats was studied. Animals of the experimental group represented a model of microelementosis, achieved by adding a mixture of heavy metal salts for 90 days to drinking water: zinc (ZnSO4×7H2O) – 5 mg/l, copper (CuSO4×5H2O) – 1 mg/l, iron (FeSO4) – 10 mg/l, manganese (MnSO4×5H2O) – 0.1 mg/l, lead (Pb(NO3)2) – 0.1 mg/l, and chromium (K2Cr2O7) – 0.1 mg/l. Morphological, statistical and immunohistochemical (GPX-1) research methods were used. Long-term (90-days) intake of heavy metal salts mixture in the body of experimental animals brought about development of the general adaptation syndrome, the stage of chronic stress “subcompensation” in the pineal gland. Morphological rearrangements were of nonspecific polymorphic nature as severe hemodynamics disorder in the organ, impairment of vascular wall morphology, development of tissue hypoxia and oxidative stress, accompanied by processes of accelerated apoptosis in part of pinealocytes, by a significant decrease in glutathione peroxidase level in the organ and reactive astrogliosis as a response to the damaging agent’s action. Along with the negative changes in the pineal gland, a compensatory-adaptive processes with signs of functional stress also occurred. A sufficiently high degree of glutathione peroxidase activity in 39% of pinealocytes located perivascularly, active adaptive glial reaction and activation of synthetic processes in some pinealocytes were also observed.Item Morphological changes of sexually mature rat's pineal gland and cerebellar cortex under long-term exposure to heavy metal salts(Вінницький національний медичний університет ім. М.І. Пирогова, 2022) Гринцова, Наталія Борисівна; Hryntsova, Nataliia Borysivna; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Кіптенко, Людмила Іванівна; Kiptenko, Liudmyla Ivanivna; Сулим, Людмила Григорівна; Sulym, Liudmyla HryhorivnaЗабруднення солями важких металів є актуальною екологічною проблемою сучасності, яка негативно впливає на здоров'я населення. Ендокринна система підтримує гомеостаз в організмі, в тому числі й у нервовій системі. Метою роботи є дослідження морфологічних змін кори мозочка та епіфізів статевозрілих самців-щурів за умови тривалого впливу на організм комплексу солей важких металів. Досліджено морфологічні зміни кори мозочка та епіфізів статевозрілих самців щурів за умов тривалого впливу солей важких металів. Тваринам дослідної групи моделювали мікроелементоз шляхом додавання до питної води суміші солей важких металів протягом 60 діб: цинку (ZnSO4x7H2O) - 5 мг/л, міді (CuSO4x5H2O) - 1 мг/л, заліза (FeSO4) - 10 мг/л, марганцю (MnSO4x5H2O) - 0,1 мг/л, свинцю (Pb(NO3) 2 ) - 0,1 мг/л і хрому (K2Cr2O7) - 0,1 мг/л. Використовували морфологічні, морфометричні та статистичні методи дослідження. Тривале (60 діб) надходження до організму піддослідних тварин комплексу солей важких металів призводило до розвитку в епіфізі та корі мозочка загального адаптаційного синдрому, стадії "субкомпенсації" хронічного стресу. Морфологічні перебудови в органах мали неспецифічний поліморфний характер, як то різке порушення гемодинаміки, порушення морфології судинної стінки, стану пінеалоцитів та клітин Пуркіньє, розвиток тканинної гіпоксії, процесів апоптозу та реактивного астрогліозу як відповідь на дію пошкоджуючого агенту. В епіфізі піддослідних тварин виявлені ознаки індол-продукції, але евакуація гормонів (в тому числі мелатоніну) до судинного русла була уповільнена внаслідок порушення морфології судинної стінки та клітинної оболонки пінеалоцитів. Це призводило до недостатності цього гормону в організмі піддослідних тварин, що негативно впливало на адаптивні процеси у корі мозочку у відповідь на дію стресорного агенту. Компенсаторно-пристосувальні процеси в епіфізі та корі мозочка мали ознаки функціонального напруження. Спостерігалися адаптивні процеси як у незначної кількості пінеалоцитів, так і у клітинах Пуркіньє, а також активна адаптивна гліальна реакція в обох органах.Item A case of hidden myocardial infarction by atrial fibrillation against the background of diabetes mellitus and arterial hyper- tension(Elm, Azerbaijan, 2023) Сміян, Олександр Іванович; Smiian, Oleksandr Ivanovych; Романюк, Софія Анатоліївна; Romaniuk, Sofiia Anatoliivna; Приступа, Людмила Никодимівна; Prystupa, Liudmyla Nykodymivna; Романюк, Оксана Костянтинівна; Romaniuk, Oksana Kostiantynivna; Avuax, E.V.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Boyagina, O.D.; Кузенко, Євген Вікторович; Kuzenko, Yevhen Viktorovych; Denisenko, B.S.; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Romaniuk, Anatolii MykolaiovychThis article presents information about acute subendocardial myocardial infarction of the posterior wall of the left ventricle, which developed against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hyper- tension. The only clinical symptom of critical heart disease was a tachysystolic form of permanent atrial fi- brillation. Despite a complex of therapeutic manipulations, the patient died. The final diagnosis of acute subendocardial myocardial infarction of the posterior wall of the left ventricle was established only after autopsy. The presented clinical case demonstrates an atypical course of myocardial infarction manifested by latent atrial fibrillation. This case focuses on the need for a comprehensive examination of patients with atrial fi- brillation and the exclusion, first of all, of irreversible myocardial damage.Item Case report: Metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma in the small intestine(Elsevier, 2023) Чижма, Руслана Анатоліївна; Чижма, Руслана Анатольевна; Chyzhma, Ruslana Anatoliivna; Піддубний, Артем Михайлович; Поддубный, Артем Михайлович; Piddubnyi, Artem Mykhailovych; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Москаленко, Роман Андрійович; Москаленко, Роман Андреевич; Moskalenko, Roman AndriiovychMerkel cell carcinoma is a rare primary neuroendocrine malignant neoplasm of the skin, which recurs in about 40 % of cases. The main factors are Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) and mutations caused by ultraviolet radiation [Paulson, 2018]. In this study, we report a case of Merkel cell carcinoma with metastasis to the small intestine. In a 52-year-old woman, a subcutaneous formation of a nodule up to 2.0 cm in diameter was detected during the examination. This neoplasm was removed and sent for histological analysis. Dot-like expression of CK pan, CK 20, chromogranin A, and Synaptophysin was observed in tumor cells, and Ki-67 in 40 % of tumor cells. There is no reaction in tumor cells to CD 45, CK 7, TTF 1, and S100. The morphological picture corresponded to Merkel cell carcinoma. A year later, the patient underwent surgery for intestinal obstruction. The pathohistological changes and immunophenotype of the small bowel tumor were consistent with Merkel cell carcinoma metastasis.Item Decision-making support system for diagnosis of oncopathologies by histological images(Elsevier, 2023) Довбиш, Анатолій Степанович; Довбыш, Анатолий Степанович; Dovbysh, Anatolii Stepanovych; Шелехов, Ігор Володимирович; Шелехов, Игорь Владимирович; Shelekhov, Ihor Volodymyrovych; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Москаленко, Роман Андрійович; Москаленко, Роман Андреевич; Moskalenko, Roman Andriiovych; Савченко, Тарас Русланович; Савченко, Тарас Русланович; Savchenko, Taras RuslanovychThe aim of the study is to increase the functional efficiency of machine learning decision support system (DSS) for the diagnosis of oncopathology on the basis of tissue morphology. The method of hierarchical information-extreme machine learning of diagnostic DSS is offered. The method is developed within the framework of the functional approach to modeling of natural intelligence cognitive processes at formation and acceptance of classification decisions. This approach, in contrast to neuronal structures, allows diagnostic DSS to adapt to arbitrary conditions of histological imaging and flexibility in retraining the system by expanding the recognition classes alphabet that characterize different structures of tissue morphology. In addition, the decisive rules built within the geometric approach are practically invariant to the multidimensionality of the diagnostic features space. The developed method allows to create information, algorithmic, and software of the automated workplace of the histologist for diagnosing oncopathologies of different genesis. The machine learning method is implemented on the example of diagnosing breast cancerItem Artificial Intelligence Approach in Prostate CancerDiagnosis: Bibliometric Analysis(Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, 2022) Денисенко, Анастасія Петрівна; Денисенко, Анастасия Петровна; Denysenko, Anastasiia Petrivna; Савченко, Тарас Русланович; Савченко, Тарас Русланович; Savchenko, Taras Ruslanovych; Довбиш, Анатолій Степанович; Довбыш, Анатолий Степанович; Dovbysh, Anatolii Stepanovych; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Москаленко, Роман Андрійович; Москаленко, Роман Андреевич; Moskalenko, Roman AndriiovychBackground.Prostate cancer is one of the most common male malignancies worldwide that ranks secondin cancer-related mortality. Artificial intelligence can reduce subjectivity and improve the efficiency ofprostate cancer diagnosis using fewer resources as compared to standard diagnostic scheme.This review aimsto highlight the main concepts of prostate cancer diagnosis and artificial intelligenceapplication and to determine achievements, current trends, and potential research directions in this field,using bibliometric analysis.Materials and Methods.The studies on the application of artificial intelligence in the morphologicaldiagnosis of prostate cancer for the past 35 years were searched for in the Scopus database using “artificialintelligence” and “prostate cancer” keywords. The selected studies were systematized using Scopusbibliometric tools and the VOSviewer software.Results.The number of publications in this research field has drastically increased since 2016, with mostresearch carried out in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. They can be divided into threethematic clusters and three qualitative stages in the development of this research field in timeline aspect.Conclusions.Artificial intelligence algorithms are now being actively developed, playing a huge role inthe diagnosis of prostate cancer. Further development and improvement of artificial intelligence algorithmshave the potential to automate and standardize the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Item Artificial Intelligence Approach in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Bibliometric Analysis(Івано-Франківський Національний медичний університет, 2022) Денисенко, Анастасія Петрівна; Денисенко, Анастасия Петровна; Denysenko, Anastasiia Petrivna; Савченко, Тарас Русланович; Савченко, Тарас Русланович; Savchenko, Taras Ruslanovych; Довбиш, Анатолій Степанович; Довбыш, Анатолий Степанович; Dovbysh, Anatolii Stepanovych; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Москаленко, Роман Андрійович; Москаленко, Роман Андреевич; Moskalenko, Roman AndriiovychBackground. Prostate cancer is one of the most common male malignancies worldwide that ranks second in cancer-related mortality. Artificial intelligence can reduce subjectivity and improve the efficiency of prostate cancer diagnosis using fewer resources as compared to standard diagnostic scheme. This review aims to highlight the main concepts of prostate cancer diagnosis and artificial intelligence application and to determine achievements, current trends, and potential research directions in this field, using bibliometric analysis. Materials and Methods. The studies on the application of artificial intelligence in the morphological diagnosis of prostate cancer for the past 35 years were searched for in the Scopus database using “artificial intelligence” and “prostate cancer” keywords. The selected studies were systematized using Scopus bibliometric tools and the VOSviewer software. Results. The number of publications in this research field has drastically increased since 2016, with most research carried out in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. They can be divided into three thematic clusters and three qualitative stages in the development of this research field in timeline aspect. Conclusions. Artificial intelligence algorithms are now being actively developed, playing a huge role in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Further development and improvement of artificial intelligence algorithms have the potential to automate and standardize the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Item Effect of L-tocopherol on morphological reformations of rat pineal gland under the impact of heavy metal salts(Poltava state medical university and Ukrainian public organization Scientific society of anatomists, histologists, embryologists and topographoanatomists of Ukraine, 2022) Гринцова, Наталія Борисівна; Гринцова, Наталия Борисовна; Hryntsova, Nataliia Borysivna; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Зайцева, Станіслава Станіславівна; Зайцева, Станислава Станиславовна; Zaitseva, Stanislava Stanislavivna; Гордієнко, Олена Володимирівна; Гордиенко, Елена Владимировна; Hordiienko, Olena Volodymyrivna; Хоменко, Інна Вікторівна; Хоменко, Инна Викторовна; Khomenko, Inna Viktorivna; Кіптенко, Людмила Іванівна; Киптенко, Людмила Ивановна; Kiptenko, Liudmyla IvanivnaThe article presents the results of the study on morphological rearrangements of structural changes in the rat pineal gland under the influence of heavy metal salts and correction with L-tocopherol during 30 days. General morphological and statistical research methods were used (histological, morphometric and statistic methods). The protective effect of L-tocopherol caused in the pineal gland a number of compensatory-adaptive processes aimed at neutralizing the stressor’s impact on the organ. The 30- days protective period of L-tocopherol is insufficient to completely neutralize the impact of heavy metals on the organ: the glial response was activated, vascular area increased, vascular wall permeability was impaired, edema was formed and the connective tissue component growth was taking place, indicating dysfunctional reorganization in the gland’s secretory activity. The above morphological changes negatively affected the processes of hormones evacuation into the blood, the course of the general adaptation syndrome and the homeostasis restoration in the organ.Item The Expression of Prolactin Receptors in Benign Breast Tumors Is Not Associated with Serum Prolactin Level(MDPI, 2021) Коломієць, Олена Олегівна; Коломиец, Елена Олеговна; Kolomiiets, Olena Olehivna; Язиков, Олександр Валерійович; Языков, Александр Валерьевич; Yazykov, Oleksandr Valeriiovych; Піддубний, Артем Михайлович; Поддубный, Артем Михайлович; Piddubnyi, Artem Mykhailovych; Линдін, Микола Сергійович; Лындин, Николай Сергеевич; Lyndin, Mykola Serhiiovych; Лукавенко, Іван Михайлович; Лукавенко, Иван Михайлович; Lukavenko, Ivan Mykhailovych; Андрющенко, Володимир Вікторович; Андрющенко, Владимир Викторович; Andriushchenko, Volodymyr Viktorovych; Романюк, Анатолій Миколайович; Романюк, Анатолий Николаевич; Romaniuk, Anatolii Mykolaiovych; Москаленко, Роман Андрійович; Москаленко, Роман Андреевич; Moskalenko, Roman AndriiovychThe role of prolactin (PRL) and its receptors in the initiation and development of benign breast tumors (BBT) has not been sufficiently studied. An imbalance in the system of hormone homeostasis is crucial in the development of BBT. In particular, an association between elevated prolactin levels and the development of BBT has been reported. Our study showed no significant differences between PRL receptor (PRL-R) expression in BBT tissue under normal and elevated serum PRL levels. There was also no significant correlation between age, PRL-R expression in BBT tissue, intact tissue, and PRL level in the serum. There was a strong significant correlation (p < 0.01; r = 0.92) between PRL-R expression in BBT samples and intact breast tissue, which did not depend on the serum PRL level. There was also no significant difference in the expression of the proliferative marker Ki-67 in BBT tissues from women with normal and elevated levels of serum PRL (p > 0.05). No signs of PRL and its receptors were detected in the BBT cystic fluid women with elevated serum PRL levels. In summary, our prospective study showed that the expression of PRL-R in the tissue of BBT and physiological breast tissue does not depend on the level of serum PRL.