Навчально-науковий медичний інститут (НН МІ)
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Item Healthcare in Ukraine during the epidemic: difficulties, challenges and solutions(ALUNA Publishing, 2021) Ivats-Chabina, A.R.; Korolchuk, O.L.; Kachur, A.Yu.; Сміянов, Владислав Анатолійович; Smiianov, Vladyslav AnatoliiovychThe aim: Of this research was to investigate the impact of quarantine restrictions on the health care system in Ukraine, quality of providing and accessibility of health care services for population during quarantine; analyze the influence of economic and social outcomes of epidemy on state of health care. Materials and methods: For this paper was made a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 morbidity statistics, economic indicators and governmental decrees aimed at resolving the problem of the spreading of coronavirus and ensuring the proper work of medical institutions at all levels of health care. This work includes analysis of data for the period since the beginning of quarantine on the territory of Ukraine in March 2020 till present time. Conclusions: The complexity of the socio-political and economic situation in Ukraine and the conduct of hostilities in the east of the country have significantly complicated the fight against the spread of coronavirus in the country. Negative changes in the indicators of hospital security were observed both at the secondary level – treatment of patients with COVID-19, and the primary level – primary contact with the patient, primary care, prevention measures. In the long run, this will have significant implications for the individual health of those who have not been able to receive quality care, as well as for public health in general.Item Vulnerable in silence: Paediatric health in the Ukrainian crisis(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Awuah, W.A.; Ng, J.C.; Mehta, A.; Yarlagadda, R.; Khor, K.S.; Abdul-Rahman, T.; Hussain, A.; Kundu, M.; Sen, M.; Hasan, M.M.The Russian invasion of Ukraine is a humanitarian disaster. It has a wide-ranging impact on the livelihood and the health of those affected by the war. In the midst of constant shelling and casualties, children are more vulnerable to injuries, infections, malnutrition, and trauma, all of which can have serious consequences for their physical and mental health. Children, unlike adults, are simply subjected to the horrors of war with no pre-existing ability to deal with the consequences. We hope to highlight the effects of the current Ukrainian war on the health of the paediatric population, with a particular emphasis on surgical care, cancer care, infectious disease, to name a few. We hope to help contextualize future data and encourage the development of a system to protect and serve the war's most vulnerable population.Item Management aspects of children's health: dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system and ecological heterogeneity of the environment(Azerbaijan Medical Journal, 2022) Деміхов, Олексій Ігорович; Demikhov, Oleksii Ihorovych; Dehtyarova, I.; Motrechko, V.; Коленко, Оксана Іванівна; Kolenko, Oksana Ivanivna; Yurchenko, Alla Vladyslavivna; Юрченко, Алла Владиславівна; Деміхова, Надія Володимирівна; Demikhova, Nadiia Volodymyrivna; Kroitor, V.Population stratification of the pediatric population was performed in the study, taking into account a set of regional-ecological factors relevant for the assessment of the health of children with dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system. The study was conducted using methods of systematic population modeling of a multi-factorial public health system under the influence of regional and ecologic factors. For each of the 30 environmental factors we have studied, its prognostic value, pathometric and sanologic value have been determined, which ensured the performance of population-personalized risk assessment of the dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system.A new methodology for environmental quality assessment has been substantiated, proposed and tested, the application of which allows to determine the differentiation of regional preventive programs of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system in childhood. Personalized regional population stratification of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the dysplastic-dependent pathology of the bronchopulmonary system were performed, and regional clusters (administrative districts of the regions) were identified with an alternative level of environmental quality. The use of pathometric and sanometric assessments (different levels) of environmental factors can be significant to substantiate the structure of targeted health, social, and regional environmental programs for promoting the health of the pediatric population.Item Inaccessibility and low maintenance of medical data archive in low-middle income countries: Mystery behind public health statistics and measures(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Abdul-Rahman, T.; Ghosh, S.; Lukman, L.; Bamigbade, G.B.; Oladipo, O.V; Amarachi, O.R.; Olanrewaju, O.F.; Toluwalashe, S.; Awuah, W.A.; Aborode, A.T.; Lizano-Jubert, I.; Audah, K.A.; Теслик, Тетяна Петрівна; Teslyk, Tetiana PetrivnaAfrica bears the largest burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases globally, yet it contributes only about 1 % of global research output, partly because of inaccessibility and low maintenance of medical data. Data is widely recognized as a crucial tool for improvement of population health. Despite the introduction of electronic health data systems in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) to improve data quality, some LMICs still lack an efficient system to collect and archive data. This study aims to examine the underlying causes of data archive inaccessibility and poor maintenance in LMICS, and to highlight sustainable mitigation measures. Method Authors conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Google scholar, organization websites using the search string “data archive” or “medical data” or “public health statistics” AND “challenges” AND “maintenance” AND “Low Middle Income Countries” or “LMIC”. to Identify relevant studies and reports to be included in our review. All articles related data archive in low and middle income countries were considered without restrictions due to scarcity of data. Result Medical data archives in LMICs face challenges impacting data quality. Insufficient training, organizational constraints, and limited infrastructure hinder archive maintenance. To improve, support for public datasets, digital literacy, and technology infrastructure is needed. Standardization, cloud solutions, and advanced technologies can enhance data management, while capacity building and training programs are crucial. Conclusion The creation and maintenance of data archives to facilitate the storage of retrospective datasets is critical to create reliable and consistent data to better equip the development of resilient health systems and surveillance of diseases in LMICs.Item Basic principles of behavioral economics and prospects for their application in the public health system(Aluna Publishing, 2020) Rudenko, L.A.; Сміянов, Владислав Анатолійович; Смиянов, Владислав Анатольевич; Smiianov, Vladyslav Anatoliiovych; Сміянова, Ольга Іванівна; Смиянова, Ольга Ивановна; Smiianova, Olha IvanivnaBehavioral economics is a branch of economic theory that studies the influence of psychological factors on people’s decisions in various life situations. At the same time, much attention is paid to situations where people behave differently than predicted by classical economic theory with its assumption of rationality and selfishness. Interesting possibility of application of behavioral economic in various spheres of human life and society, for example, reforms introducing, insurance system, public health and medicine (healthy living, disease prevention, following-up to the doctor’s recommendations, improving the quality of care, etc.).Item Public health as social significant problem of modernity and object of management(ALUNA, 2020) Дудченко, Ірина Олександрівна; Дудченко, Ирина Александровна; Dudchenko, Iryna Oleksandrivna; Дудченко, Євгеній Сергійович; Дудченко, Евгений Сергеевич; Dudchenko, Yevhenii Serhiiovych; Dehtiarenko, T.M.; Dehtiarenko, A.Gr.We propose: first, to introduce a self-management element in the field of health care at the level of the UTC residents; secondly, to improve the mechanism of training specialists in different branches of the social institutions and managers; thirdly, to create an information portal with information on the specific needs of the local population at the UTC level. This will make it possible to provide a list of services that will be provided by social institutions within the UTC, including for children currently in the category of people with special educational needs, as they require compulsory medical support during their stay in educational institutions.Item Public health - what do we need and what we can afford(Sumy State University, 2017) Fal, A.M.The healthcare systems of most developed and developing countries will be jeopardized by a fast changing demand of services. Contemporary medicine allowed to extend human life by 10-20 years, reaching in many cases life expectancy over 80 years. On the other hand, the “western” living standards lead do development of many chronic conditions – now referred to as diseases of civilization. Taken together we have now longer living citizens, suffering from multiple conditions (comorbidity) which demand chronic treatment. This causes the increased demand on medical services to increase their HLY (healthy life years) and HRQoL (health related quality of life). The chronicity of their treatment as well as extended time causes a substantial raise in medical costs. In Poland, the public payer estimated that treatment of a person older than 65 costs over 3,5 thousand zloty/year, as opposed to 1,4 thousand/year in younger population. In OECD countries, the average financing of healthcare reaches about 8% of GDP, which in many cases proves not to be enough, however. Most likely a substantial raise in public spending in this field cannot be expected. There several alternatives, but most of them based on private spending. In many countries, the alternative of choice is additional (supplementary) health insurance, which can be either obligatory (it adds up to the public funding) or voluntary (private funding).