A comprehensive approach to hypothyroidism therapy: lifestyle, pharmacology, and metabolic health

Abstract

A comprehensive approach to hypothyroidism therapy that combines adequate pharmacological correction, regular physical activity, and balanced nutrition is a key factor in improving patients’ quality of life and preventing metabolic complications [1, p.170]. Hypothyroidism, one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders, is characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, resulting in a reduced basal metabolic rate, energy imbalance, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and deterioration of overall health. Clinical symptoms often include persistent fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, depression, memory impairment, and decreased physical performance, which may partially persist despite standard levothyroxine replacement therapy [2, p.121]. This persistence of symptoms indicates the need for an expanded, multimodal therapeutic strategy. Non-pharmacological interventions – including lifestyle modification, physical activity, and targeted nutritional therapy – are essential components that contribute to the restoration of metabolic balance and functional homeostasis [3, p.2].