Ключові поняття міжнародної військової допомоги у сфері безпеки і оборони України

Abstract

У статті досліджено зміст таких ключових понять міжнародної допомоги у парадигмі обороноздатності України як: «міжнародна допомога», «міжнародна технічна допомога», «військова допомога», «гуманітарна допомога», «благодійна діяльність». Наголошено на доцільності законодавчого виокремлення поняття «військова допомога», а також розроблення нормативної основи її залучення, обліку, розподілу, використання, що зважаючи на обсяг і значення такої допомоги для сфери безпеки та оборони України, спростить її отримання від країн-партнерів.The article examines the content of such key concepts of international aid in the paradigm of defense capability of Ukraine as "international aid", "international technical aid", "military aid", "humanitarian aid", "charitable activity". It was found that the system of ensuring the defense capability of the state is not limited by internal resources, but actively attracts external resources for the needs of the security and defense sphere. It is pointed out that there is no concept of "international aid" in the legislation of Ukraine, but the definition of the content of international technical aid, humanitarian aid and charitable activities. It was determined that the concept of "military aid" is also absent in national legislation, but in scientific doctrine it is considered as a type of international aid, and in conditions of armed aggression as assistance to Ukraine in ensuring the realization of its national interests. Forms of providing military aid to Ukraine by partner countries were considered. It was noted that the meaning of the concept of "military aid" is not limited to the provision of weapons and military equipment, but also includes the training and training of military personnel, the construction of infrastructure facilities, the provision of assistance in the development of battle plans, etc. It was emphasized that today military aid is provided by donor countries as international technical assistance, humanitarian aid or charity in accordance with the terms of the concluded agreement. A conclusion was drawn on the expediency of the legislative separation of military aid, as well as the development of a regulatory basis for its attraction, accounting, distribution, and use, which, taking into account the volume and importance of such aid to support Ukraine's defense capabilities, will simplify its receipt from donor countries.