Advanced nanostructured anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

The more popular active material for negative electrode is usually flake graphite due to its excellent cycle life (up to 1000 cycles). The main disadvantage of graphite is a relatively low specific capacity, because even the theoretical value is QCth = 372 mA.h/g. Si, Sn, Al, hard carbons and some other materials are actively investigated as the alternate materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, they have not received a practical application, since their large theoretical capacity is accompanied by sharp drop of capacity (during the few cycles), high irreversible capacity (up to 50 % and more), nonhorizontal shape of charge–discharge curves. The main reason of sharp capacity degradation is considerable (in 2-4 times) volume changes of these materials during intercalation- deintercalation of lithium ions. We have formulated some theoretical principles and developed the experimental composite nanostructured anode materials for lithium-ion batteries with high level of specific capacity (up to 600 mA.h/g), quite stable cyclization, minimal irreversible capacity (ca 8 %), horizontal shape of charge–discharge curves. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20598