Функціонування студентських бізнес-інкубаторів на базі провідних університетів України

Abstract

У статті розглянуто функціонування в Україні бізнес-інкубаторів як складової інноваційної інфраструктури в цілому та студентських бізнес-інкубаторів зокрема. Визначено проектну та освітню складові структури студентських бізнес-інкубаторів. Запропоновано групи показників оцінювання ефективності їх діяльності на основі регулярного моніторингу, що передбачають: оціннювання впливу діяльності на університет на базі якого він створений; активізацію малого інноваційного бізнесу; оцінювання кадрового потенціалу; оцінювання фінансових ресурсів; оцінювання науково-технічної продукції; оцінювання впливу на соціально-економічний розвиток регіону та країни. Розроблено метод оцінювання діяльності студентського бізнес-інкубатора.

В статье рассмотрено функционирование в Украине бизнес-инкубаторов как составляющей инновационной инфраструктуры в целом, а также студенческие бизнес-инкубаторы в частности. Определены проектная и образовательная составляющие структуры студенческих бизнес-инкубаторов. Предложены группы показателей оценки эффективности их деятельности на основе регулярного мониторинга, которые включают в себя: оценку воздействия деятельности на университет, на базе которого он создан; активизацию малого инновационного бизнеса; оценку кадрового потенциала; оценку финансовых ресурсов; оценку научно-технической продукции; оценку воздействия на социально-экономическое развитие региона и страны. Разработан метод оценки деятельности студенческого бизнес-инкубатора.

The aim of the article. The aim of the article is the research of business-incubators functioning in Ukraine as a component of innovative infrastructure in general and student business-incubators in particular and developing criteria for evaluating their activity. The results of the analysis. It was determined that purpose of student innovation business incubator should be protection and representation of students interests through innovative transformation of students ideas, projects in the ready-made high technology products and/or existing innovative enterprises by providing organizational, administrative, information and consulting, scientific and methodological support. The result of research is specified on tasks for student innovative business-incubators, and services which they can provide for the creation of innovative businesses. Two components of work of the student innovative business-incubator are delimited. They include projection and educational component. The projection component includes consistent work starting from the student and preparing a business project to realization of projects. Educational component includes activities of students preparing to realization projects. It was established, that the presence at the university of student business incubators generating space for knowledge, allows to get perspective developments which may become the basis for small business. Students will demonstrate their skills not only in innovative developments but also as entrepreneurs. The creation of such innovative structure will help to combine students efforts at engineering, economic, legal, linguistic specialties and provide real practical professional experience during the education at the university. Creation of innovative student business incubators provides better commercialization of innovations, increases rationalization activity and activity as inventor, improves the level of students welfare, combines education, research and innovative activity, promotes prestige of the university and increase chances for the real specialists employment in the innovative sector economy. It in turn provides the opportunity to form a layer of innovative-minded professionals of various disciplines, who have a certain level of competence in the conducting their professional activities in the economy. The conclusions and directions of further research. In order to improve innovation infrastructure through the integration of educational, scientific and industrial activity the author proposes the creation of student innovation business incubators on the base of the leading universities of the country. Thus the benefits of economy innovative development can be implemented under condition, that educational and research institutions will be more fully integrated into the economic relations of regions and countries, but they are excluded from these processes yet, because even the activities of existing innovation infrastructure are not as complete as in practice in many other market economies. Scientific novelty of research proposes groups of indicators for evaluating the performance of students’ innovation business incubators based on the definition of project and education components of work. It made it possible to develop a method of estimation activity of student business incubator. Further development is required by implementation of the proposed criteria for evaluation of the performance of students innovative business incubators with the development and application of integrated parameter which estimates their activity and the definition of impact SIBI dynamics on the development of the region and state, using elasticity coefficient. There are still unsolved problem of financing the creation and functioning of student business incubators on the base of leading universities. Directions of innovative infrastructure development in Ukraine generally and their interaction also require further research, including student business-incubators.